Sensitivity and specificity of rapid hepatitis C antibody assays in freshly collected whole blood, plasma and serum samples: A multicentre prospective study

Vetter, Beatrice; Tyshkovskiy, Alexander; Alkhazashvili, Maia; Chitadze, Nazibrola; Choun, Kimcheng; An, Shengli; Weggheleire, Anja De; Vanroye, Fien; Reipold, Elena Ivanova

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0243040

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“… 7 36 The performance of the anti-HCV screening test was estimated based on a published review of multiple screening technologies, of which we used data on the performance of the SD Biosensor Standard Q HCV test on account of its superior performance. 37 The performance of POC NAT testing was estimated based on two studies that reported the performance of the GeneXpert POC system under field conditions ( table 1 ). The performance of centralised NAT testing was based on a synthesis of results of evaluations of the performance of the cobas ® 6800/8800 system under field conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population prevalence of HCV in Pakistan was obtained from the published literature 7 36. The performance of the anti-HCV screening test was estimated based on a published review of multiple screening technologies, of which we used data on the performance of the SD Biosensor Standard Q HCV test on account of its superior performance 37. The performance of POC NAT testing was estimated based on two studies that reported the performance of the GeneXpert POC system under field conditions (table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralised versus point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

et al. 2023

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ObjectivesPakistan has a hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence of 6%–9% and aims to achieve World Health Organisation (WHO) targets for elimination of HCV by the year 2030. We aim to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of a reference laboratory-based (centralised laboratory testing; CEN) confirmatory testing approach versus a molecular near-patient point-of-care (POC) confirmatory approach to screen the general population for HCV in Pakistan.Study designWe used a decision tree-analytic model from a governmental (formal healthcare sector) perspective.Study settingIndividuals were assumed to be initially screened with an anti-HCV test at home, followed by POC nucleic acid test (NAT) at nearby district hospitals or followed by NAT at centralised laboratories.ParticipantsWe included the general testing population for chronic HCV in Pakistan.InterventionScreening with an anti-HCV antibody test (Anti-HCV) followed by either POC NAT (Anti-HCV-POC), or reference laboratory NAT (Anti-HCV-CEN), was compared, using data from published literature and the Pakistan Ministry of Health.MeasuresOutcome measures included: number of HCV infections identified per year, percentage of individuals correctly classified, total costs, average costs per individual tested, and cost-effectiveness (assessed as cost per additional HCV infection identified). Sensitivity analysis was also performed.ResultsAt a national level (25 million annual screening tests), the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy would identify 142 406 more HCV infections in 1 year and increase correct classification of individuals by 0.57% compared with the Anti-HCV-POC strategy. The total annual cost of HCV testing was reduced using the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy by US$7.68 million (US$0.31/person). Thus, incrementally, the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy costs less and identifies more HCV infections than Anti-HCV-POC. The incremental difference in HCV infections identified was most sensitive to the probability of loss to follow-up (for POC confirmatory NAT).ConclusionsAnti-HCV-CEN would provide the best value for money when scaling up HCV testing in Pakistan.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralised versus point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

et al. 2023

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“…12,31 The performance of the anti-HCV screening test was estimated based on a published review of multiple screening technologies, of which we used data on the performance of the SD Biosensor Standard Q HCV test on account of its superior performance. 32 The performance of POC NAT testing was estimated based on multiple studies that reported the performance of the GeneXpert POC system under field conditions. 13,33 The performance of central NAT testing was based on a synthesis of results of evaluations of the performance of the cobas ® 6800/8800 system under field conditions.…”

Section: Probabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralized vs point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

Babigumira

Karichu

Clark

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Pakistan has a hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection prevalence of 6-9% and aims to achieve World Health Organization (WHO) targets for elimination of HCV by the year 2030 through scaling HCV diagnosis and accelerating access to care. The clinical and economic benefits of various HCV testing strategies have not yet been evaluated in Pakistan. Objective To evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of a reference laboratory-based (CEN) confirmatory testing approach vs a molecular near-patient point-of-care (POC) confirmatory approach to screen the general population for HCV in Pakistan. Methods We developed a decision-analytic model comparing HCV testing under two scenarios: screening with an anti-HCV antibody test (Anti-HCV) followed by either POC nucleic acid testing (NAT) (Anti-HCV-POC), or reference laboratory NAT (Anti-HCV-CEN), using data from published literature, the Pakistan Ministry of Health, and expert judgment. Outcome measures included: number of HCV infections identified per year, percentage of individuals correctly classified, total costs, average costs per individual tested, and cost-effectiveness. Sensitivity analysis was also performed. Results At a national level for a tested population of 25 million, the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy would identify 142,406 more HCV infections in one year and increase correct classification of individuals by 0.57% compared with the Anti-HCV-POC strategy. The total annual cost of HCV testing was reduced using the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy by $7.68 million ($0.31 per person). Thus, incrementally, the Anti-HCV-CEN strategy costs less and identifies more HCV infections than Anti-HCV-POC. Conclusions Anti-HCV-CEN would provide the best value for money when scaling up HCV testing in Pakistan.

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Hepatitis C Virus: History and Current Knowledge

Topi,

Gaxhja,

Charitos

et al. 2024

Gastroenterology Insights

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the incidence of HCV remains high (around 1.5 million new patients every year), and 80% of patients with acute infection will progress to chronic hepatitis and develop cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Furthermore, some extrahepatic pathologies may be correlated with HCV (such as mixed cryoglobulinemia, porphyria cutanea tarda, lichen planus, glomerulonephritis, Sjogren’s syndrome, Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin cell lymphoma, and others). In view of these secondary complications, together with the substantial risk of liver damage, the objective of this review was to research and suggest, based on the scientific evidence, the appropriate clinical use of drugs with direct antiviral action (AAD) according to the criteria of international medical organizations. This is to maximize the clinical benefits for patients and to facilitate access to DAA therapy for all patients with chronic hepatitis C. According to the WHO, no vaccine is currently available, and therapies using new antivirals and their combinations are now an effective and safer solution for patients than they have been in the past with the use of interferons. This study aims to analyse the history and knowledge of the pathogenic biomolecular mechanisms and current therapies for HCV.

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Sensitivity and specificity of rapid hepatitis C antibody assays in freshly collected whole blood, plasma and serum samples: A multicentre prospective study

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralised versus point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralised versus point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

Assessing the potential cost-effectiveness of centralized vs point-of-care testing for hepatitis C virus in Pakistan: a model-based comparison

Hepatitis C Virus: History and Current Knowledge

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