Sensitivity and specificity levels of two rapid assays for antibodies to <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in dogs

Liu, Jiayou; Eberts, Matthew D.; Bewsey, Hannah; O’Connor, Thomas P.; Chandrashekar, Ramaswamy; Breitschwerdt, Edward B.

doi:10.1177/1040638717745932

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Both tests have been developed as canine assays, but have also successfully detected antibodies against A phagocytophilum in domestic cats. 70 , 93 , 113 A comparison between the two SNAP tests and a commercial IFAT for the detection of A phagocytophilum in cats showed discrepancies between the different assays. 70 Reasons for this could include the lack of specificity of peptides chosen in the design of the assays, the lack of sensitivity of commercial ELISA and/or IFAT and/or an enhanced analytic sensitivity of p16 analytes for testing cat sera.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in cats: A literature review to raise clinical awareness

Schäfer

Kohn

2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Practical relevance: Granulocytic anaplasmosis is a disease in humans and animals caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum within the family Anaplasmataceae. The pathogen is transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes species. Infections with A phagocytophilum have often been described in dogs but reports on natural infections in cats are rare. An infection with A phagocytophilum should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cats if the history reveals tick infestation and/or outdoor access in combination with the relevant clinical signs. Global importance: A phagocytophilum is also important in human medicine because of its zoonotic potential. Due to the risk of vector-borne infections for both feline and public health, cats should be protected with ectoparasiticides, especially in endemic areas. Aim: The aim of this review is to give an overview of the published data and summarise the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, clinical signs and therapy of feline granulocytic anaplasmosis. As clinical signs are vague and non-specific, this review aims to raise awareness of A phagocytophilum infection, both among clinicians, so that they consider testing potentially exposed cats, and scientists, in order to prompt further research. Evidence base: Sixteen publications describing 55 cats have been reviewed. Thirty-four cats were well diagnosed based on guidelines of the European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases and blood analyses were performed to varying extents for these cats. Because of the limited number of studies and a lack of knowledge in cats, clinical signs and blood analyses are compared with available data in dogs.

show abstract

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in cats: A literature review to raise clinical awareness

Schäfer

Kohn

2020

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Serology based indirect immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) tests and commercially available immunochromatography based point-of-care (POC) tests for A. platys and E. canis are used in the veterinary field as part of routine annual vector-borne disease screening and as a diagnostic tool when dogs present with clinical signs [ 8 , 9 ]. PCR methods are available for both agents to detect pathogen DNA in the blood and tissues of dogs [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and Molecular Diagnosis of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis Infection in Dogs in an Endemic Region

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis are obligate intracellular, tick-borne rickettsial pathogens of dogs that may cause life-threatening diseases. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of PCR and a widely used commercial antibody-based point-of-care (POC) test to diagnose A. platys and E. canis infection and updated the prevalence of these pathogens in dogs inhabiting the Caribbean island of Saint Kitts. We detected A. platys in 62/227 (27%), E. canis in 84/227 (37%), and the presence of both in 43/227 (19%) of the dogs using PCR. POC testing was positive for A. platys in 53/187 (28%), E. canis in 112/187 (60%), and for both in 42/187 (22%) of the samples tested. There was only a slight agreement between A. platys PCR and POC test results and a fair agreement for E. canis PCR and POC test results. Our study suggests that PCR testing may be particularly useful in the early stage of infection when antibody levels are low or undetectable, whereas, POC test is useful when false-negative PCR results occur due to low bacteremia. A combination of PCR and POC tests may increase the ability to diagnose A. platys and E. canis infection and consequently will improve patient management.

show abstract

“…One of the widely distributed species of the Anaplasmataceae family is A. phagocytophilum , a bacterium that primarily infects neutrophils, even though it can occasionally be found in eosinophilic granulocytes [ 5 ], and is transmitted by Ixodes ticks, which are also competent vectors for Borrelia burgdorferi [ 6 ]. A. phagocytophilum is the causative agent of canine granulocytic anaplasmosis (CGA), a disease with clinical manifestations ranging from self-limiting to severe [ 7 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological evidence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Republic of Korea by rapid diagnostic test kits

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Emergent and re-emergent canine tick-borne infections are attracting increasing attention worldwide. The rise in pet ownership and the close relationship between dogs and their owners are the most concerning factors because dogs may act as competent reservoirs for human tick-transmitted infectious agents. Objectives This study contributes to the epidemiological surveillance of canine tick-transmitted infections with zoonotic risk in the Republic of Korea (ROK) by investigating the seroprevalence of the pathogens, Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi , and Ehrlichia canis . Methods Four hundred and thirty whole blood samples from domestic dogs were collected in seven metropolitan cities and nine provinces in the ROK and tested using SensPERT Ab test kits (VetAll Laboratories®) to detect seroreactive animals. Results The seroprevalence rates identified were 9.8% (42/430) for Anaplasma spp., 2.8% (12/430) for B. burgdorferi , and 1.4% (6/430) for E. canis . The risk factors evaluated in this study that could be associated with the development of a humoral immune response, such as sex, age, and history of tick exposure, were similar. There was only one exception for dogs seroreactive to Anaplasma spp., where the risk factor “tick exposure” was statistically significant ( p = 0.047). Conclusions This serological survey exhibited the widespread presence of Anaplasma spp., B. burgdorferi , and E. canis throughout the ROK. Hence, dogs may play a key role as the sentinel animals of multiple zoonotic infectious agents in the country.

show abstract

Sensitivity and specificity levels of two rapid assays for antibodies to Anaplasma spp. in dogs

Cited by 8 publications

References 20 publications

Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in cats: A literature review to raise clinical awareness

Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection in cats: A literature review to raise clinical awareness

Serologic and Molecular Diagnosis of Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis Infection in Dogs in an Endemic Region

Serological evidence of Anaplasma spp., Borrelia burgdorferi and Ehrlichia canis in dogs from the Republic of Korea by rapid diagnostic test kits

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About