Sensitivity Analysis of Source Parameters for Earthquake-Generated Distant Tsunamis

The effect of uncertainty in earthquake fault parameters on the maximum wave height from a tsunami propagation model

“…It all depended on the azimuth, and for the latter examples, the bathymetry between the source and the location. This is broadly consistent with Gica et al (2007) where the same 10 • change in strike could change the wave height measured at Hawaii by between 12 and 84 %; depending on the location of the earthquake relative to the island. When the bathymetry in the source location was complex, such as in the Solomon Islands case (Fig.…”

“…N in the equation above was small). For example, Titov et al (1999) and Gica et al (2007) studied the effect of various combinations of dip, strike, rupture dimensions, hypocentre, slip displacement and rake angle on offshore tsunami maximum wave heights near Hawaii from earthquakes from the Aleutian Islands, Chile and Japan. While this was a comprehensive list of parameters, the limited number of sources and target sites make it difficult to know to what degree the results of that study can be applied to other areas.…”

An Earthquake Source Sensitivity Analysis for Tsunami Propagation in the Eastern Mediterranean

“…Okal (1988) explained that earthquake source depth plays only a minor role in tsunami generation, showing that tsunami wave amplitude is reduced by a factor of two when focal depth ranges from 20 km to 100 km. The effects of earthquake location in the far and near fields have also been studied (Okal, 1988;Gica et al, 2007;Okal and Synolakis, 2008) as one of the commonly accepted crucial earthquake parameters determining the characteristics of final tsunami waves arriving at the coasts (Yolsal and Taymaz, 2010). Abe and Okada (1995) indicated the importance of fault area size on tsunami spectra in numerical simulations.…”

A new multi-sensor approach to simulation assisted tsunami early warning

“…An other problem is high sensitivity against the source mechanism. While in the far-field case, a source can be described by primary seismic parameters such as magnitude, epicenter and directivity (Okal, 1988;Gica et al, 2007), reli- able tsunami prediction in the near-field requires much more detailed source characterization including fault geometry, exact position, orientation and heterogeneous slip distribution (Geist and Dmowska, 1999;Geist, 2002). Moreover, peculiarities of the off-shore local bathymetry become extremely important as well (see e.g.…”