Sensitivity analysis of investments in the pulp and paper industry On investments in the chemical recovery cycle at a board mill

Karlsson, Magnus; Söderström, Mats

doi:10.1002/er.848

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…pulp and paper, forest, automobile manufacturing and chemical) to study both economic and environmental aspects (e.g. CO2 emission impact) [25][26][27][28]. A more through description of the method can be found in [21].…”

Section: Energy Systems Modeling Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial excess heat use: Systems analysis and CO2 emissions reduction

Viklund¹,

Karlsson²

2015

Applied Energy

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The adopted energy efficiency directive stresses the use of excess heat as a way to reach the EU target of primary energy use. Use of industrial excess heat may result in decreased energy demand, CO2 emissions reduction, and economic gains. In this study, an energy systems analysis is performed with the aim of investigating how excess heat should be used, and the impact on CO2 emissions. The manner in which the heat is recovered will affect the system. The influence of excess heat recovery and the trade-off between heat recovery for heating or cooling applications and electricity production has been investigated using the energy systems modeling tool reMIND. The model has been optimized by minimizing the system cost. The results show that it is favorable to recover the available excess heat in all the investigated energy market scenarios, and that heat driven electricity production is not a part of the optimal solution. The trade-off between use of recovered excess heat in the heating or cooling system depends on the energy market prices and the type of heat production. The introduction of excess heat reduces the CO2 emissions in the system for all the studied energy market scenarios.

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Section: Energy Systems Modeling Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial excess heat use: Systems analysis and CO2 emissions reduction

Viklund¹,

Karlsson²

2015

Applied Energy

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“…The reMIND tool has been used in several industries, such as the Swedish foundry industry [2], steel industry [4,[35][36] and pulp and paper mills [6,39] as well as district heating systems [7]. In these studies the ESO tool reMIND is used to find the optimal operation strategy and investigate how different boundary conditions, such as changes in electricity and fuel prices, influence the system.…”

Section: Energy Systems Optimisation (Eso) Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has been shown that many of these difficulties may be solved by DES and ESO tools [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The ESO tool has been used in several industries, such as the Swedish foundry industry [2], steel industry [3,4] and pulp and paper mills [5,6], as well as in district heating systems [7] and waste treatment [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining optimisation and simulation in an energy systems analysis of a Swedish iron foundry

Mardan

Klahr

2012

Energy

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To face global competition, and also reduce environmental and climate impact, industrywide changes are needed, especially regarding energy use, which is closely related to global warming. Energy efficiency is therefore an essential task for the future as it has a significant impact on both business profits and the environment. For the analysis of possible changes in industrial production processes, and to choose what changes should be made, various modelling tools can be used as a decision support. This paper uses two types of energy analysis tool: Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and Energy Systems Optimisation (ESO). The aim of this study is to describe how a DES and an ESO tool can be combined. A comprehensive five-step approach is proposed for reducing system costs and making a more robust production system. A case study representing a new investment in part of a Swedish iron foundry is also included to illustrate the method's use. The method described in this paper is based on the use of the DES program QUEST and the ESO tool reMIND. The method combination itself is generic, i.e. other similar programs can be used as well with some adjustments and adaptations.The results from the case study show that when different boundary conditions are used the result obtained from the simulation tools is not optimum, in other words, the result 2 shows only a feasible solution and not the best way to run the factory. It is therefore important to use the optimisation tool in such cases in order to obtain the optimum operating strategy. By using the optimisation tool a substantial amount of resources can be saved. The results also show that the combination of optimisation and simulation tools is useful to provide very detailed information about how the system works and to predict system behaviour as well as to minimise the system cost.

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“…It was also shown that mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) provides a methodology for determining optimal strategies in order to minimise the overall energy costs in such industries [16]. Studies using such a methodology in a Swedish context include for example [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], where MIND (Method for analysis of INDustrial energy systems) was used. MIND is a method developed for optimization of dynamic industrial energy systems [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These studies comprise large energy-intensive sites such as Swedish pulp and paper mills and steelworks, e.g. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The need to apply the method in other sectors, including small and medium-sized manufacturers such as the Swedish foundry industry, cannot be understated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization as investment decision support in a Swedish medium-sized iron foundry – A move beyond traditional energy auditing

2009

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Due to increased globalisation, industries are facing greater competition that is pressing companies into decreasing their expenses in order to increase their profits. As regards Swedish industry, it has been faced with substantial increases in energy prices in recent years. Barriers to energy efficiency such as imperfect information inhibit investments in energy efficiency measures, energy audits being one means of reducing barriers and overcoming imperfect information. However, an evaluation of such energy audits in Sweden reveals that it is chiefly low-cost measures that are undertaken as a result of an audit. Moreover, these audits often tend to focus on support processes such as ventilation, lighting, air compressors etc., while measures impacting production processes are often not as extensively covered, which underlines the need for further support in addition to energy audits. Decision support is practised in a variety of different disciplines such as optimization and simulation and the aim of this paper is to explore whether investment decision support practices may be used successfully towards small and medium-sized manufacturers in Sweden when complex production-related investment decisions are taken. The optimization results from the different cases, involving a foundry's investment in a new melting unit, indicate that with no electricity price fluctuations over the day, the investment seems sound as it lowers the overall energy costs. However, with fluctuating electricity prices, there are no large differences in energy costs between the option of retaining the existing five melting furnaces at the foundry and investing in a twin furnace and removing the holding furnaces -which was the initial investment plan for the foundry in the study. It would not have been possible to achieve this outcome without the use of investment decision support such as MIND. One of the main conclusions in this paper is that investment decision support, when strategic investment decisions are to be taken, may be a means of emphasising energy efficiency for energy-intensive SMEs beyond the level of traditional energy auditing. Keywords

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Sensitivity analysis of investments in the pulp and paper industry On investments in the chemical recovery cycle at a board mill

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Industrial excess heat use: Systems analysis and CO2 emissions reduction

Industrial excess heat use: Systems analysis and CO2 emissions reduction

Combining optimisation and simulation in an energy systems analysis of a Swedish iron foundry

Optimization as investment decision support in a Swedish medium-sized iron foundry – A move beyond traditional energy auditing

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