Sensitivity analysis for the generalized shared-parameter model framework

Iddrisu, Abdul-Karim; Gumedze, Freedom

doi:10.1080/10543406.2019.1632875

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…We note that the response is recorded for each subject at time . In this study, all measurements were observed, there is no missing values 57 – 59 . The interest is how the status of the response is affected by the , an design matrix of risk factor for the subject.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Contributions of the study; firstly, when the objective of a study is to collect data repeatedly, on the response variable, for each study participant within a specified time interval(s) or at some selected time points, then any method of analysis that assumes that such measurements in the response variable are independent is likely to produce invalid statistical inferences 54 , 57 – 59 . This means that the linear regression model that assumes that the responses are independent cannot be used to provide valid statistical inferences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interest is how the status of the response is affected by the , an design matrix of risk factor for the subject. The general form of the LMM can be written as 57 – 59 where is a vector of the fixed effects; which represents the effects of the risk factors on the BP, is the probability of having HBP, is a design matrix for the q random effects, are patient-specific random effect and is assumed to follow the normal distributions such that .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors

Iddrisu,

Besing Karadaar,

Gurah Junior

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Blood pressure (BP) control is a global health issue with an increase in BP beyond the normal BP leading to different stages of hypertension in humans and hence the need to identify risk factors of BP for efficient and effective control. Multiple BP measurement have proven to provide BP readings close to the true BP status of the individual. In this study, we used multiple BP measurement data on 3809 Ghanaians to determine risk factors associated with BP. The data were obtained from World Health Organization study on Global AGEing and Adult Health. We defined high blood pressure (HBP) as $$\ge$$ ≥ 130/80 mmHg or normal as $$\le$$ ≤ 130/80 mmHg. We provide summary statistics and also used the Chi-Square test to assess significance of association between HBP versus risk factors of HBP. The aim of this study is to identify risk factors of BP using the mixed effects logistic regression model. Data were analyzed using R version 4.2.2. The results showed that the risk of high blood pressure (HBP) decreases across the three measurement periods. There is reduced risk (OR = 0.274, 95% CI = 0.2008, 0.405) of HBP among male participants relative to female participants. The risk (OR = 2.771, 95% CI = 1.8658, 4.1145) of HBP increased by 2.771-folds among those who are 60 years and above relative to those below the age of 60 years. Those whose work involves/requires vigorous exercise has 1.631-fold increase in the risk (OR = 1.631, 95% CI = 1.1151, 2.3854) of HBP relative to those whose work does not involve vigorous exercise. There is approximately 5-folds increased in the risk (OR = 4.896, 95% CI = 1.9535, 12.2268) of among those who have ever been diagnosed with diabetes. The results also revealed high risk (OR = 1.649, 95%CI = 1.1108, 2.4486) of HBP among those who have formal education. The risk (OR = 1.009, 95% CI = 1.0044, 1.0137) of HBP increases with increasing weight and a reduced risk (OR = 0.996, 95% CI = 0.9921, 0.9993) of HBP with increasing height. We found that sad experience, either mild, moderate or severe, is associated with a reduced risk of HBP. Those who have vegetable servings at least 2 cups per day have increased risk of HBP and those who have fruits servings at least 2 cups per day is associated with a reduced risk of HBP, however this is not statistically significant. To achieve success in BP control, programs should be designed with the aim of reducing weight, educate those with formal eduction on issues relating to HBP. Those whose work requires vigorous exercise are recommended to have regular check-ups to ensure that pressure build-up in the lungs is cleared. SBP is lower for women at young age but continue to increase after menopause as their BP increase becomes salt-sensitive. Hence there is need to give more attention to menopausal women so as to improve BP. Both young and old individuals are recommended to practice regular exercise since this has shown to reduce risk of being overweight or becoming diabetic and reduces the risk of HBP at yong age and old age. Also, to improve blood pressure control, programs for management of blood pressure or hypertension should focus more short stature individuals since such people are more likely to experience HBP.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors

Iddrisu,

Besing Karadaar,

Gurah Junior

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…The outcome variable

{y}_{i}

is recorded for each subject

i,i=1,{\rm{\ldots }},n

. In this study, all measurements were observed, there is no missing values 34–36 . This study focuses on how the risk of hypertension is affected by the

{{\bf{X}}}_{i}

, an

n\times p

design matrix of risk factor for the

i\mathrm{th}

subject.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, all measurements were observed, there is no missing values. [34][35][36] This study focuses on how the risk of hypertension is affected by the X i , an n p × design matrix of risk factor for the ith subject. The general form of the logistic regression model  38 39 can be written as…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing body mass index stages, individual diabetes and hypertension history effects on the risk of developing hypertension among Ghanaians: A cross‐sectional study

Iddrisu,

Adam

2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsThis study aimed to understand the relationship between body mass index (BMI), diabetes and hypertension history, and other risk of hypertension among Ghanaians.MethodsThe BMI data are categorized according to the World Health Organization (WHO) definition. The data were obtained from the WHO Study on global AGEing and adult health (WHO SAGE) Ghana Wave 2. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the variables, and the association between these variables and hypertension was assessed using the χ². Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between hypertension and different BMI levels and other variables.ResultsObesity class II individuals have about a 4‐fold higher risk of developing hypertension compared to underweight individuals. Obesity class III, class I, and preobesity individuals have approximately a 3‐fold higher risk. Normal weight is associated with increased hypertension risk. Both males and females show a significant increase in hypertension risk across all BMI categories. History of hypertension is linked to a 2.2‐fold increased risk. Diabetes history is associated with hypertension when considering other factors. Elevated hypertension risk is observed among married, divorced, and widowed males then never married males. Only widowed females showed an increased risk. Older age significantly increases hypertension risk, particularly in females. Vegetable servings reduce hypertension risk, while fruit servings are associated with an increased risk. Vigorous exercise increases hypertension risk, particularly in females.ConclusionRegular check‐ups are recommended for married, divorced, and widowed males, focusing on blood pressure (BP) levels. Regular exercise from young age helps lower BP in later years. Individuals with a history of hypertension should follow BP control measures. Encouraging the consumption of the right combination of vegetables and fruits can help lower BP. Female tobacco smoking should be strongly discouraged due to a 54% increased risk of developing hypertension.

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Assessing the hazard of death, cardiac tamponade, and pericardial constriction among HIV and tuberculosis pericarditis patients using the extended Cox‐hazard model: Intervention study

Iddrisu,

Otoo,

Kwasi

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsTuberculous (TB) pericarditis (TBP), a TB of the heart, is linked to significant morbidity and mortality rates. Administering glucocorticoid therapy to individuals with TBP might enhance overall results and lower the likelihood of fatality. However, the actual clinical effectiveness of supplementary glucocorticoids remains uncertain. This study specifically evaluated the effects of prednisolone, prednisolone‐antiretroviral therapy (ART) interaction, and other potential risk factors in reducing the hazard of the composite outcome, death, cardiac tamponade, and constriction, among TBP and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients.MethodsThe data used in this study were obtained from the investigation of the Management of Pericarditis trial, a multicentre international randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled factorial study that investigated the effects of two TB treatments, prednisolone and Mycobacterium indicus pranii immunotherapy in patients with TBP in Africa. This study used a sample size of 587 TBP and HIV‐positive patients randomized into prednisolone and its corresponding placebo arm. We used the extended Cox‐proportional hazard model to evaluate the effects of the covariates on the hazard of the survival outcomes. Models fitting and parameter estimation were carried out using R version 4.3.1.ResultsPrednisolone reduces the hazard of composite outcome (hazrad ratio [HR] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = , p < 0.001), cardiac tamponade (HR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.05, 0.42, p < 0.001) and constriction (HR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.41, 1.61, p = 0.55). However, prednisolone increases the hazard of death (HR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.11, 2.24, p = 0.01). Consistent usage of ART reduces the hazard of composite outcome, death, and constriction but insignificantly increased the hazard of cardiac tamponade.ConclusionThe study offers valuable insights into how prednisolone impact the hazard of different outcomes in patients with TBP and HIV. The findings hold potential clinical significance, particularly in guiding treatment decisions and devising strategies to enhance outcomes in this specific patient group. However, there are concerns about prednisolone potentially increasing the risk of death due to HIV‐related death.

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Sensitivity analysis for the generalized shared-parameter model framework

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors

Mixed effects logistic regression analysis of blood pressure among Ghanaians and associated risk factors

Assessing body mass index stages, individual diabetes and hypertension history effects on the risk of developing hypertension among Ghanaians: A cross‐sectional study

Assessing the hazard of death, cardiac tamponade, and pericardial constriction among HIV and tuberculosis pericarditis patients using the extended Cox‐hazard model: Intervention study

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