Sensitive Voltammetric Sensor Based on Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode for Determination of the Chemotherapeutic Drug Methotrexate in Pharmaceutical and Biological Samples

Abstract

A novel sensitive voltammetric method for the determination of an important chemotherapeutic drug, methotrexate, was designed using a bare boron‐doped diamond electrode in connection with differential pulse voltammetry. Methotrexate provided one well developed oxidation peak suitable for analytical purposes at about +1000 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl electrode) in an acidic medium. The voltammetric behavior of methotrexate in dependence of pH of the supporting electrolyte and scan rate has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry and DC voltammetry, respectively, to select the suitable experimental parameters. The optimum conditions for its determination using differential pulse voltammetry have been found to be 0.05 mol L−1 H2SO4 with a limit of detection of 1.0×10−8 mol L−1 and a linear dynamic range from 5×10−8 to 2×10−5 mol L−1. Calculated values of relative standard deviations of repeated determinations (n≥5) in various concentration levels of methotrexate did not exceed 4 %. The influence of possible interfering agents was studied as well. Finally, practical applicability of the newly proposed method was verified by analysis of real drug preparations and spiked human urine. The calculated recovery values ranged from 99.2 to 101.4 %.

Environmental Applications of Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes: 2. Soil Remediation and Sensing Applications

“…Methotrexate, an important chemotherapeutic drug, is also able to be determined by BDD electrode . The authors used CV and DC voltammetry respectively to check the voltammetric behavior of drug with respect to pH of the supporting electrolyte and scan rate.…”

“…Methotrexate, an important chemotherapeutic drug, is also able to be determined by BDD electrode. [70] The authors used CV and DC voltammetry respectively to check the voltammetric behavior of drug with respect to pH of the supporting electrolyte and scan rate. The optimum conditions for the determination of drug using differential pulse (DP) voltammetry have been found to be 0.05 mol L À 1 H 2 SO 4 with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10 À 8 mol L À 1 and a linear dynamic range from 5 × 10 À 8 to 2 × 10 À 5 mol L À 1 .…”

Electroanalysis of Pharmaceuticals on Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrodes: A Review

“…Methotrexate, an antimetabolic agent, was quantified by Selesovská and coauthors using DPV methodology . The authors used 0.05 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 solution on BDD electrodes (doping level of 1000 ppm).…”

Naked-eye nanobiosensor for therapeutic drug monitoring of methotrexate

“…Other strategies that have been proposed for MTX sensing include methods based on electrochemistry, [16][17][18][19][20][21] nanoparticlebased optical detection [22][23][24] or bioluminescence. 25 We recently introduced a colorimetric test for MTX based on a competitive assay involving folic acid-derived Au NP and human dihydrofolate reductase (hDHFR).…”