Sensitive capillary electrophoresis microchip determination of trinitroaromatic explosives in nonaqueous electrolyte following solid phase extraction

Microscale solid-phase extraction system for explosives

“…The microscale SPE system described here, was utilized in combination with a CE microchip system for explosives analysis, lowering its detection limits in the separation of 1,3,5-TNB, TNT, and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-iV-methylnitramine (tetryl) by 240 to more than 1000 times: TNB 0.25 (jug/1; TNT 0.34 Hg/1; and tetryl 0.19 |xg/l [5].…”

“…We, along with various other groups, have been investigating the development of capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchips capable of detecting aromatic explosives in the ng/1 regime to ensure accurate water analysis below toxic levels [5][6][7][8]. Our intent is to develop field portable sensors capable of (1) locating UXOs or land mines present in our ocean's harbors for removal and clean-up, and (2) determining the explosives contamination level of surface and groundwaters in close proximity to munition's practice sites.…”

Micellar electrokinetic chromatography and capillary electrochromatography of nitroaromatic explosives in seawater

“…Typically, these mines will leach trace explosives into the surrounding seawater. In the detection of nitroaromatic explosives in seawater, sample preparation may involve preconcentration, desalination, and general sample clean-up (removal of particulates) to transfer the explosives into a sample matrix compatible with existing separation techniques [1]. Previously, we have focused on the CE microchip-based separation and detection of explosives and their degradation products [1,2].…”

“…In the detection of nitroaromatic explosives in seawater, sample preparation may involve preconcentration, desalination, and general sample clean-up (removal of particulates) to transfer the explosives into a sample matrix compatible with existing separation techniques [1]. Previously, we have focused on the CE microchip-based separation and detection of explosives and their degradation products [1,2]. While rapid separations of explosives and their degradation products have been realized, sample preparation needs have not been optimized -more specifically, the time required to prepare a neat sample for introduction onto the microdevice.…”

CE detector based on light‐emitting diodes

“…Separation of uranium from four lanthanide metal ions is demonstrated in less than 2 min. Direct load injection of a precomplexed metal ion mixture onto the microchannel gave a detection limit of 23 ppb uranium(VI) in the presence of seven lanthanide impurities (1.5 ppm each) within 55 s. This CE microchip instrument was subsequently used for separation and detection of three trinitroaromatic explosives: 1,3,5-trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB), and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-N-methylnitramine (Tetryl), in the presence of ten other explosives and explosive derivatives in non-aqueous electrolyte [6], and the separation and determination of a metal cation mixture containing Cd , and Hg 21 [7].…”