Sensibilização das mães de crianças com microcefalia na promoção da saúde de seus filhos

Abstract

RESUMO Objetivo Relatar as experiências educativas das mães ou cuidadoras de crianças com microcefalia, desenvolvidas por equipe acadêmica na temática da promoção da saúde dessas crianças. Método Trata-se de relato de experiência vivenciado por alunos do curso de graduação em enfermagem, discentes e docentes do programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Ambiente da Universidade Tiradentes sobre intervenções educativas realizadas em três unidades de referência no atendimento à criança com microcefalia no estado de Sergipe. A amostra do estudo foi de conveniência. Resultados Participaram da pesquisa 70 mães ou cuidadoras principais de crianças com diagnóstico confirmado de microcefalia, durante os meses de setembro a dezembro. Os eixos temáticos-teóricos selecionados para descrever as atividades foram promoção da alimentação saudável, importância do vínculo mãe e filho e estimulação precoce de crianças com microcefalia. Conclusão A experiência relatada demostrou a importância das estratégias educativas na promoção da saúde de crianças com microcefalia, proporcionando capacitação adicional às mães/cuidadoras para que estas ofereçam um cuidado holístico e humanizado a essas crianças.

What are the implications of Zika Virus for infant feeding? A synthesis of qualitative evidence concerning Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) and comparable conditions

“…Parents in one CZS study reported a need for guidance on infant feeding, especially on the management of breastfeeding, weaning, types of foods, spacing of diets, introduction of supplements and use of adequate pacifiers when the baby is not exclusively breastfed [ 30 ]. Participants in three studies reported that one of their concerns was that they did not know how best to feed their child[ 30 , 33 , 35 ]. Clear uncertainty and ‘doubt’ existed regarding the best diet and the best way to feed their child.…”

“…Parents reported a lack of knowledge regarding how to manage choking or gagging[ 30 , 33 ]; parental uncertainties that were reflected in more aspects that feeding alone [ 36 ]. Participants in a further study received an educational intervention that covered choking problems[ 35 ].…”

“…Demands on the mother were seen to impair the relationship between mothers and their children. Mothers reported “not accepting the congenital anomaly that their child has and how it ends up reflecting on their daily habits and consequently on their bond with the child”[ 35 ].…”

“…One CZS study documented a mother’s anecdotal report of her daughter’s food related broncho-aspiration pneumonia acquired due to poor positioning during feeding, as she felt the instructions she had received werenot adequate [ 35 ]. Mothers in a further study reported how doctors, and other health professionals providing home visits, did offer guidance and instruction about food, but that this might be ignored: a mother reported that she was told not feed her child certain things, but she fed them and her son ate and enjoyed them anyway [ 32 ].…”

“…In two CZS studies, mothers reported the information they needed from training programmes. Participants in a tailored training programme reported that they had difficulties with breastfeeding and introducing first foods, and that they needed explanations about the feeding positions they used with their babies and which foods they had introduced first[ 35 ]. Elsewhere families expressed a specific need to learn first-aid techniques, mainly “in order to reverse gagging, caused by dysphagia, and airway cleansing and hygiene maneuvers in children, since infants have gastric reflux and difficulty accepting food [especially the milk], making it difficult to feed them properly”[ 30 ].…”