Sense of Relationship Entitlement of Aging Parents Toward Their Offspring (SRE-ao)—A New Concept and Measurement Tool

Tolmacz, Rami; Lev‐Ari, Lilac; Bachner‐Melman, Rachel; Palgi, Yuval; Bodner, Ehud; Feldman, Darya; Chakir, Ron; Ben‐David, Boaz M.

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.885620

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Ratings were made on a 5-point scale, ranging from 1 ( not at all ) to 5 ( very much ). A previous study provided solid evidence for the reliability and validity of the inflated and restricted subscales of the SRE-ao scales (Tolmacz et al, 2022b). In the current study, Cronbach’s αs were high for the two subscales (.92 for inflated entitlement, .91 for restricted entitlement).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…As people age, they usually need increased help from others because of age-related health problems (Fyrand, 2010), cognitive and physiological changes, difficulties adjusting to the world of technology and telecommunications, and dwindling social relationships (Tolmacz et al, 2022b). Close family members frequently become support providers of aging adults (Karantzas & Simpson, 2015).…”

Section: Personal and Relational Issues Among Sghssmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the inflated and restricted sense of relational entitlement tend to result from a frustrating history of relationships with rejecting, cold, or unreliable attachment figures; are a reflection of negative working models of the self (impaired self-esteem); and can lead to frustrating interpersonal interactions (Candel, 2022; Candel & Turliuc, 2019; Moses & Moses-Hrushovski, 1990). Recent research has indicated that among aging individuals, both an inflated and a restricted sense of relational entitlement toward their offspring were positively associated with anxiety, depression, somatization, and sense of loneliness, and negatively associated with sense of belonging (Tolmacz et al, 2022b). In addition, Tolmacz et al (2023) found that both restricted and inflated senses of relational entitlement were also associated with higher parentification.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aging second-generation Holocaust survivors and well-being: The mediating role of relational attitudes

Tolmacz,

Aisenberg-Shafran,

Ofek

et al. 2024

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

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For many years, clinical case studies that have focused on the intergenerational effects of Holocaust trauma have indicated that second-generation Holocaust survivors (SGHSs) often face relational challenges in their intimate relationships. The relational attitudes of SGHSs during childhood, as well as during adulthood, have been studied. However, only in recent years has this cohort entered the “aging adult” group. In this study, we hypothesized that well-being among Israeli aging SGHSs would be associated with parentification and with specific relational attitudes toward their adult offspring. We examined whether parentification, sense of relational entitlement, pathological concern, and authenticity in relationships mediated the association between family background and well-being. A total of 329 participants (60% SGHSs; 19% men) completed questionnaires tapping retrospective accounts of parentification during childhood, inflated and restricted senses of entitlement, pathological concern, relational authenticity, and subjective well-being. Aging SGHSs reported higher levels of parentification, inflated sense of entitlement toward offspring, pathological concern, lower levels of authenticity, and subjective well-being. The association between family background and subjective well-being was mediated by parentification, inflated sense of relational entitlement, pathological concern, and authenticity. Findings suggest that especially for aging SGHSs, childhood parentification takes a heavy toll on their sense of well-being via the hindering of a balanced sense of relational entitlement and concern and the authentic expression of self.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Personal and Relational Issues Among Sghssmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Aging second-generation Holocaust survivors and well-being: The mediating role of relational attitudes

Tolmacz,

Aisenberg-Shafran,

Ofek

et al. 2024

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Relational attitudes in adolescent girls with and without a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa

Bachner-Melman,

Rom,

Lev-Ari

et al. 2023

J Eat Disord

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Background People with eating disorders experience interpersonal difficulties, but little research explores relational attitudes in this population. We examined sense of relational entitlement towards parents, pathological concern, and psychological distress in adolescent girls with and without anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN). Methods Questionnaires assessing sense of entitlement towards parents, pathological concern, and symptoms of depression and anxiety were completed by 85 girls with and 100 girls without AN/AAN (mean age 15.06 ± 1.41). The AN/AAN group also completed a measure of ED pathology. Results Eating pathology, pathological concern and symptoms of depression and anxiety were positively associated with both restricted and inflated sense of entitlement towards parents. AN/AAN participants scored significantly higher than controls on restricted and inflated sense of entitlement, pathological concern and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Restricted sense of entitlement and pathological concern partially mediation the association between AN/AAN and symptoms of depression and fully mediated the association between AN/AAN and anxiety. Within the AN/AAN group, pathological concern and symptoms of depression explained a large proportion of the variance in ED pathology. Conclusions Adolescent AN/AAN takes a heavy toll on emotional and social health, perhaps in part because crucial aspects of relational mutuality fail to develop. Teens with AN/AAN tend to over-focus on their parents’ needs at the expense of their own needs. They also have impaired capacity to realistically appraise expectations from their parents, tending to feel over- and/or under-entitled to need fulfillment. These relational attitudes are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety and should be addressed in therapy.

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Sense of Relationship Entitlement of Aging Parents Toward Their Offspring (SRE-ao)—A New Concept and Measurement Tool

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

Aging second-generation Holocaust survivors and well-being: The mediating role of relational attitudes

Aging second-generation Holocaust survivors and well-being: The mediating role of relational attitudes

Relational attitudes in adolescent girls with and without a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa

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