Sensation Seeking and Perceived Need for Structure Moderate Soldiers’ Well-Being Before and After Operational Deployment

Parmak, Merle; Mylle, Jacques; Euwema, Martin

doi:10.1080/21635781.2013.842122

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…We found few researchers with long-term interests in military risk-taking and sensation seeking: An Israeli group, with Ben-Shalom (two publications) and Glicksohn (three publications) as main investigators, has carried out quite unique studies of military veterans from the Special Forces (Ben-Shalom & Glicksohn, 2013;Glicksohn & Bozna, 2000;Glicksohn et al, 2004); an Estonian research group with Parmak (three publications) as main investigator has done interesting studies on sensation seeking in relation to need for structure (Parmak et al, 2012;Parmak et al, 2013Parmak et al, , 2014; a French group led by Sicard (four publications) has developed and used the EVAR risk scale Sicard et al, 1999;Sicard, Jouve, Couderc, & Blin, 2001;Sicard et al, 2003); a Norwegian group (two publications) has looked at risk perceptions (Kobbeltvedt et al, 2005;Kobbeltvedt et al, 2004); a Swedish group (two publications) has investigated safety culture (Börjesson et al, 2011(Börjesson et al, , 2015; and an Indian team (two publications) has been looking at safety attitudes in aviation culture .…”

Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-Taking and Sensation Seeking in Military Contexts: A Literature Review

Breivik

Sand²,

Sookermany

2019

Sage Open

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The article is based on a literature review of studies covering risk-taking and sensation seeking within military contexts over a time span of 3 decades from 1983 to 2015. Literature was gathered through a four-stage search procedure identifying 25 studies of risk-taking and 16 studies of sensation seeking altogether. Because warfare and military conflicts are dangerous and risky pursuits, one could imagine there being a lot of empirical research about risk-taking and sensation seeking in the military. We have found this not to be the case. The research is both small in volume and scattered when it comes to use of theories, methods, and samples of military personnel. In general, there seem to be few clear research paradigms. The results of the empirical studies show that there are adaptive as well as nonadaptive forms of risk-taking in relation to military situations. Similarly, military personnel scoring high on sensation seeking possess certain advantages, for instance, dealing with stress and risk, yet may also cause problems of various kinds. The review ends by pointing out implications for research and practice.

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Section: Concluding Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk-Taking and Sensation Seeking in Military Contexts: A Literature Review

Breivik

Sand²,

Sookermany

2019

Sage Open

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“…2011; Montes & Weatherly, 2014) and that soldiers with this sensation-seeking profile in situations of conscription have much greater difficulties than others adjusting to the regimentation of military training but are better able than other soldiers to adjust to the risks and uncertainties of military life during times of war (Neria et al . 2000; Parmak et al . 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nor did we consider the possibility that some risk factors for suicide that differ in prevalence among infantrymen and combat engineers versus other soldiers might differentially predict suicide depending on deployment status while not predicting probability of deployment. For example, a small literature suggests that soldiers attracted to combat arms occupations have much higher rates of sensation-seeking behaviors (impulsive, aggressive) than other soldiers (Morey et al 2011; Montes & Weatherly, 2014) and that soldiers with this sensation-seeking profile in situations of conscription have much greater difficulties than others adjusting to the regimentation of military training but are better able than other soldiers to adjust to the risks and uncertainties of military life during times of war (Neria et al 2000; Parmak et al 2014). These differences might help account for the suicide rate of infantrymen and combat engineers being lower when currently deployed than either never deployed or previously deployed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational differences in US Army suicide rates

et al. 2015

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Background Civilian suicide rates vary by occupation in ways related to occupational stress exposure. Comparable military research finds suicide rates elevated in combat arms occupations. However, no research has evaluated variation in this pattern by deployment history, the indicator of occupation stress widely considered responsible for the recent rise in the military suicide rate. Method The joint associations of Army occupation and deployment history in predicting suicides were analysed in an administrative dataset for the 729 337 male enlisted Regular Army soldiers in the US Army between 2004 and 2009. Results There were 496 suicides over the study period (22.4/100 000 person-years). Only two occupational categories, both in combat arms, had significantly elevated suicide rates: infantrymen (37.2/100 000 person-years) and combat engineers (38.2/100 000 person-years). However, the suicide rates in these two categories were significantly lower when currently deployed (30.6/100 000 person-years) than never deployed or previously deployed (41.2–39.1/100 000 person-years), whereas the suicide rate of other soldiers was significantly higher when currently deployed and previously deployed (20.2–22.4/100 000 person-years) than never deployed (14.5/100 000 person-years), resulting in the adjusted suicide rate of infantrymen and combat engineers being most elevated when never deployed [odds ratio (OR) 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.1–4.1], less so when previously deployed (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.1), and not at all when currently deployed (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.8–1.8). Adjustment for a differential ‘healthy warrior effect’ cannot explain this variation in the relative suicide rates of never-deployed infantrymen and combat engineers by deployment status. Conclusions Efforts are needed to elucidate the causal mechanisms underlying this interaction to guide preventive interventions for soldiers at high suicide risk.

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“…On the other hand, the association between performance orientation, disinhibition and injury may be used to inform ways of supporting individuals to successfully complete training without injury. Our study does not imply that performance orientation and high disinhibition are necessarily negative factors relative to all aspects of military education and a military career and, as suggested by Parmak et al (2014), one should accept that there is a person-environment fit that makes some personality characteristics beneficial in some settings and suboptimal or negative in other settings. Thus, high sensation-seekers that have problems in an educational, strongly regulated setting may blossom in risky military situations.…”

Section: Practical Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Performance Orientation and Injury Among Military Cadets: The Mediating Role of Disinhibition

Breivik

Buch

Säfvenbom

2015

Military Behavioral Health

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This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Breivik, G., Buch, R., Säfvenbom, R. (2015 AbstractThis study examined the mediating role of disinhibition (sensation seeking) on the positive association between performance goal orientation (achievement motivation) and risk of sustaining injury. Our study comprised 248 cadets from three military academies. In support of our hypotheses, we found a positive relationship between performance goal orientation and risk of sustaining injury and that this relationship was mediated by disinhibition. This finding contributes to the extant achievement goal theory literature by demonstrating a mechanism through which performance orientation relates to the likelihood of sustaining an injury.Theoretical and practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

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Sensation Seeking and Perceived Need for Structure Moderate Soldiers’ Well-Being Before and After Operational Deployment

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Risk-Taking and Sensation Seeking in Military Contexts: A Literature Review

Risk-Taking and Sensation Seeking in Military Contexts: A Literature Review

Occupational differences in US Army suicide rates

Performance Orientation and Injury Among Military Cadets: The Mediating Role of Disinhibition

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