Sennoside A drug capped biogenic fabrication of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial and antifungal activities

Abstract

Sennoside A (dianthrone glycoside) shows laxative properties and used as a folk traditional medicine. Sennoside A capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/sennoside A) were synthesized at room temperature for the first time by using sennoside A as reducing and capping agent. UV–visible spectroscopic data reveals that the absorption peaks of pure sennoside A was appeared at 266, and 340 nm, which red shifted to 304, and 354 nm at higher sennoside A concentration. Upon addition of the Ag + ions, an additional peak also observed at 398 nm, indicating the formation of spherical sennoside A capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/sennoside A). Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used a stabilizing agent to determine the role of cationic micelles on the nucleation and growth processes of Ag/sennoside A NPs formation. The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl nitrogen radical (DPPH · ), two bacteria strains (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) and two yeast strains (Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019) were used to determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of Ag/sennoside A NPs. In addition, Rhein-9-anthrone (4,5-dihydroxy-10-oxo-9 H -anthracene-2-carboxylate) was isolated from the acidic hydrolysis of glycoside linkage of sennoside A and characterized. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of rhein-9-anthrone were also determined against DPPH radical, antibacterial and antifungal strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined and discussed.

Citrus sinensis peel waste assisted synthesis of AgNPs: effect of surfactant on the nucleation and morphology

“…10 where η = viscosity of the solvent, D = dielectric constant of the solvent, and EM = electrophoretic mobility. The NPs with zeta potential more negative than −30 mV and more positive than +30 mV are stable [24]. The zeta potentials were found to be −8 mV and −30 mV, respectively, for DPE-and CTAB-AgNPs.…”

“…Transition metal NPs have been fabricated form various parts of natural plants such as leaf [13,14], fruit [15,16], stem [17], roots [18], flower [19] and others sustainable low cost and eco-friendly natural materials [20,21]. The bioorganic materials of natural resources acted as capping and reducing agent, which control aggregation and agglomerations of the NPs [22][23][24].…”

Saussurea costus extract as bio mediator in synthesis iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and their antimicrobial ability

“…Plants have long been used in treating human wellness issues with therapeutic medication in multiple historical systems. The cosmetics, dairy, color, and pharmaceutical industries frequently employ natural plant extracts due to their potential medicinal and pharmaceutical applications [5].…”

Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Metabolism of Sennoside A, A Medicinal Plant-Derived Natural Compound

“…It has been reported that sennosides including SA (100–400 g/ml) had an inhibitory effect on a wide range of bacteria and fungi, such as Salmonella typhi , Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli (E. coli) , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Bacillus subtilis , Rhizoctonia bataticola , Fusarium moniliforme , Aspergillus niger , Aspergillus flavus , Candida albicans ( Ram Avtar Sharma, 2012 ). In addition, SA-capped silver nanoparticles (Ag/SA NPs), synthesized with SA as reducing and capping agent at room temperature, significantly inhibited two bacteria strains ( S. aureus and E. coli ) and two yeast strains ( Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis ) ( Al-Ghamdi et al, 2020 ). Similarly, Ontong et al showed that AgNPs, made the extracts of senna leaf as reducing and capping agents, exhibit strong inhibitory effects against various Gram-positive or -negative bacteria and fungi, by impairing the microorganism morphology and membrane integrity ( Ontong et al, 2019 ).…”