Senescence-induced expression of a homologue of ?9 desaturase in rose petals

Fukuchi-Mizutani, Masako; Savin, Keith W.; Cornish, Edwina C.; Tanaka, Yoshikazu; Ashikari, Toshihiko; Kusumi, Takenori; Murata, Norio

doi:10.1007/bf00041154

Cited by 39 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Previous experiments have established that ADS3 (FAD5) is responsible for the D 7 desaturation of 16:0 on MGDG at the sn-2 position in plastids (Browse et al, 1985;Kunst et al, 1989;Mekhedov et al, 2000). ADS2 was originally projected to be a D 9 acyl-lipid desaturase homolog in Arabidopsis based on its sequence similarity with a D 9 desaturase from rose petals (Rosa hybrida cv Kardinal) (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1995;Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1998). Biochemical analysis of yeast and Arabidopsis seeds indicated that ADS2 operates on either galactolipids or phospholipids (such as PC), but the regiospecificity is different depending on the headgroup (Heilmann et al, 2004b).…”

Section: Ads2 Mutant Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACYL-LIPID DESATURASE2Is Required for Chilling and Freezing Tolerance inArabidopsis

2013

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Fatty acid desaturation of membrane lipids is a strategy for plants to survive chilling or freezing temperature. To further characterize enzymes involved in this stress response pathway, ACYL-LIPID DESATURASE2 (ADS2; Enzyme Commission 1.14.99) was studied using genetic, cell, and biochemical approaches. ads2 mutant plants appear similar to the wild type under standard growth conditions but display a dwarf and sterile phenotype when grown at 6°C and also show increased sensitivity to freezing temperature. Fatty acid composition analysis demonstrated that ads2 mutant plants at 6°C have reduced levels of 16:1, 16:2, 16:3, and 18:3 and higher levels of 16:0 and 18:0 fatty acids compared with the wild type. Lipid profiling revealed that 34C species of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG) content in ads2 mutants were lower and phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, lyso-phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylserine were higher than the wild type. Subcellular localization of C-and N-terminal enhanced fluorescence fusion proteins indicated that ADS2 localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum, although signal was also confirmed in Golgi and plastids. A double mutation with a putative plastid ADS3 paralog exacerbates the growth defects of ads2 mutant plants under low temperature. These observations suggest that ADS2 encodes a 16:0 desaturase of MGDG and PG. We hypothesize that a low temperature-induced shift from the plastid to endoplasmic reticulum pathway for membrane lipid biosynthesis is required for the cold stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana, and ADS2 is essential to adjust the acyl composition of organelle membrane lipid composition in response to cold stress.

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Section: Ads2 Mutant Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACYL-LIPID DESATURASE2Is Required for Chilling and Freezing Tolerance inArabidopsis

2013

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“…Our finding that the acyl-CoA-like desaturase of L. douglasii is a functional ⌬ 5 -desaturase is the first demonstration of the activity of an acyl-CoA-related desaturase in plants. In this regard, the occurrence of cDNAs for acyl-CoA desaturase-like polypeptides has been reported in several plant species, including Arabidopsis and rose, but functions have not yet been demonstrated for these enzymes (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1995;Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1998). It remains to be confirmed experimentally that the actual substrate of the L. douglasii acyl-CoA desaturase-related enzyme is indeed acyl-CoA and not, for example, a polar lipid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). The L. douglassi polypeptide, however, was most related (45%-50% identity) to acyl-CoA desaturase-like polypeptides of unknown function from rose (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1995) and Arabidopsis (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1998). No other class of fatty acid desaturase ESTs was detected among the random sequences generated from the L. douglasii cDNA library.…”

Section: Est Analysis Of Developing L Douglasii Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although acyl-CoA desaturation is the major route of monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis in animals and fungi (Bloomfield and Bloch, 1960;Strittmatter et al, 1974), the use of acyl-CoAs as substrates for fatty acid desaturases has yet to be demonstrated in plants. In this regard, cDNAs for acyl-CoA desaturase-related polypeptides have been identified in several plant species; however, their functions have not been established (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1995. Instead, plant desaturases have only been shown to date to use fatty acids bound to glycerolipids or acyl carrier protein as substrates (Shanklin and Cahoon, 1998).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Production of Fatty Acid Components of Meadowfoam Oil in Somatic Soybean Embryos

et al. 2000

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The seed oil of meadowfoam (Limnanthes alba) and other Limnanthes spp. is enriched in the unusual fatty acid ⌬ 5 -eicosenoic acid (20:1⌬ 5 ). This fatty acid has physical and chemical properties that make the seed oil of these plants useful for a number of industrial applications. An expressed sequence tag approach was used to identify cDNAs for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of 20:1⌬ 5 ). By random sequencing of a library prepared from developing Limnanthes douglasii seeds, a class of cDNAs was identified that encode a homolog of acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturases found in animals, fungi, and cyanobacteria. Expression of a cDNA for the L. douglasii acyl-CoA desaturase homolog in somatic soybean (Glycine max) embryos behind a strong seed-specific promoter resulted in the accumulation of ⌬ 5 -hexadecenoic acid to amounts of 2% to 3% (w/w) of the total fatty acids of single embryos. ⌬ 5 -Octadecenoic acid and 20:1⌬ 5 also composed Ͻ1% (w/w) each of the total fatty acids of these embryos. In addition, cDNAs were identified from the L. douglasii expressed sequence tags that encode a homolog of fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE1), a ␤-ketoacyl-CoA synthase that catalyzes the initial step of very long-chain fatty acid synthesis. Expression of the L. douglassi FAE1 homolog in somatic soybean embryos was accompanied by the accumulation of C 20 and C 22 fatty acids, principally as eicosanoic acid, to amounts of 18% (w/w) of the total fatty acids of single embryos. To partially reconstruct the biosynthetic pathway of 20:1⌬ 5 in transgenic plant tissues, cDNAs for the L. douglasii acyl-CoA desaturase and FAE1 were co-expressed in somatic soybean embryos. In the resulting transgenic embryos, 20:1⌬ 5 and ⌬ 5 -docosenoic acid composed up to 12% of the total fatty acids.

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“…Equally, cDNAs encoding proteins related to the animal and yeast presumed acyl-CoA desaturases (hereafter abbreviated to ADSs) have been identified in several plant species, though their activity toward acylCoA substrates is inferred only from homology and not experimentally demonstrated (Fukuchi-Mizutani et al, 1995. Two cytoplasmic ADS-like enzymes from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana; designated ADS1 and ADS2) generated D…”

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confidence: 99%

Cloning and Characterization of Unusual Fatty Acid Desaturases from Anemone leveillei: Identification of an Acyl-Coenzyme A C20 Δ5-Desaturase Responsible for the Synthesis of Sciadonic Acid

et al. 2007

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The seed oil of Anemone leveillei contains significant amounts of sciadonic acid (20:3D 5,11,14 ; SA), an unusual non-methyleneinterrupted fatty acid with pharmaceutical potential similar to arachidonic acid. Two candidate cDNAs (AL10 and AL21) for the C 20 D 5cis -desaturase from developing seeds of A. leveillei were functionally characterized in transgenic Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants. The open reading frames of both D 5-desaturases showed some similarity to presumptive acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) desaturases found in animals and plants. When expressed in transgenic Arabidopsis, AL21 showed a broad range of substrate specificity, utilizing both saturated (16:0 and 18:0) and unsaturated (18:2, n-6 and 18:3, n-3) substrates. In contrast, AL10 did not show any activity in wild-type Arabidopsis. Coexpression of AL10 or AL21 with a C 18 D 9 -elongase in transgenic Arabidopsis plants resulted in the production of SA and juniperonic fatty acid (20:4D 5,11,14,17 ). Thus, AL10 acted only on C 20 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a manner analogous to ''front-end'' desaturases. However, neither AL10 nor AL21 contain the cytochrome b 5 domain normally present in this class of enzymes. Acyl-CoA profiling of transgenic Arabidopsis plants and developing A. leveillei seeds revealed significant accumulation of D 5-unsaturated fatty acids as acyl-CoAs compared to the accumulation of these fatty acids in total lipids. Positional analysis of triacylglycerols of A. leveillei seeds showed that D 5 -desaturated fatty acids were present in both sn-2 and sn-1 1 sn-3 positions, although the majority of 16:1D 5 , 18:1D 5 , and SA was present at the sn-2 position. Our data provide biochemical evidence for the A. leveillei D 5 -desaturases using acyl-CoA substrates.In addition to the more prevalent methyleneinterrupted fatty acids, non-methylene-interrupted polyunsaturated fatty acids (NMI-PUFAs) with a D 5cis -ethylenic bond have a global distribution encompassing plant and animal kingdoms and also primitive lower organisms. For example, unusual ethyleneinterrupted D 5,9

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Senescence-induced expression of a homologue of ?9 desaturase in rose petals

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

ACYL-LIPID DESATURASE2Is Required for Chilling and Freezing Tolerance inArabidopsis

ACYL-LIPID DESATURASE2Is Required for Chilling and Freezing Tolerance inArabidopsis

Production of Fatty Acid Components of Meadowfoam Oil in Somatic Soybean Embryos

Cloning and Characterization of Unusual Fatty Acid Desaturases from Anemone leveillei: Identification of an Acyl-Coenzyme A C20 Δ5-Desaturase Responsible for the Synthesis of Sciadonic Acid

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