Seminal vesicle invasion in radical prostatectomies: Which is the most common route of invasion?

Billis, Athanase; Teixeira, Daniel; Stelini, Rafael Fantelli; Quintal, Maisa M. Q.; Guimarães, Marbele Santos; Ferreira, Ubirajara

doi:10.1007/s11255-007-9189-7

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The SVI diagnosis was confirmed under standard protocol with SVI defined as tumor invading the muscular wall of the SV, which can occur by several mechanisms, of which the most common is extraprostatic extension at the base of the prostate, direct tracking along the ejaculatory duct complex, or via isolated, noncontiguous SV deposits. 4,8–10 Of note, the route of invasion was not consistently documented and not considered in analysis. The cohort was grouped into 3 time based cohorts, including the prePSA (1982 to 1992), early PSA (1993 to 2000) and contemporary PSA (2001 to 2010) eras.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In-depth studies of pathological specimens have distinguished certain types of SVI, with lesser degrees having more a favorable prognosis. 4,5 In the PSA era, SVI is most commonly via extraprostatic extension into the soft tissues adjacent to the prostate and SVs, and subsequently into the wall of the SVs. 4 Nevertheless, SVI is believed to be associated with occult micrometastatic disease, earlier biochemical recurrence and eventual disease progression.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Contemporary Analysis of Outcomes of Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate With Seminal Vesicle Invasion (pT3b) After Radical Prostatectomy

et al. 2011

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Purpose Despite earlier detection and stage migration, seminal vesicle invasion is still reported in the prostate specific antigen era and remains a poor prognostic indicator. We investigated outcomes in men with pT3b disease in the contemporary era. Materials and Methods The institutional radical prostatectomy database (1982 to 2010) of 18,505 men was queried and 989 with pT3b tumors were identified. The cohort was split into pre-prostate specific antigen (1982 to 1992), and early (1993 to 2000) and contemporary (2001 to present) prostate specific antigen eras. Of the 732 men identified in the prostate specific antigen era 140 had lymph node involvement and were excluded from study. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to determine biochemical recurrence-free, metastasis-free and prostate cancer specific survival. Proportional hazard models were used to determine predictors of biochemical recurrence-free, metastasis-free and cancer specific survival. Results In the pre-prostate specific antigen, and early and contemporary prostate specific antigen eras, 7.7%, 4.3% and 3.3% of patients, respectively, had pT3bN0 disease (p >0.001). In pT3bN0 cases, the 10-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 25.8%, 28.6% and 19.6% (p = 0.8), and the cancer specific survival rate was 79.9%, 79.6% and 83.8% (p = 0.6) among the eras, respectively. In pT3bN0 cases in the prostate specific antigen era, prostate specific antigen, clinical stage T2b or greater, pathological Gleason sum 7 and 8–10, and positive surgical margins were significant predictors of biochemical recurrence-free survival on multivariate analysis while clinical stage T2c or greater and Gleason 8–10 were predictors of metastasis-free and cancer specific survival. Conclusions Despite a decreased frequency of pT3b disease, and lower rates of positive surgical margins and lymph nodes, patients with seminal vesicle invasion continue to have low biochemical recurrence-free survival. Advanced clinical stage, intermediate or high risk Gleason sum at pathological evaluation and positive surgical margins predict biochemical recurrence. High risk clinical stage and Gleason sum predict metastasis-free and cancer specific survival.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Contemporary Analysis of Outcomes of Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate With Seminal Vesicle Invasion (pT3b) After Radical Prostatectomy

et al. 2011

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“…Types 1 and 2 are often seen together. The prognostic importance of different types of seminal vesical invasion is uncertain 80,81 . The risk of relapse has also been stratified by the amount of seminal vesicle involvement 80,82 .…”

Section: Stage T3b Prostatic Carcinoma (Seminal Vesical Invasion)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Staging of prostate cancer

et al. 2011

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Prostatic carcinoma (PCa) is a significant cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Accurate staging is critical for prognosis assessment and treatment planning for PCa. Despite the large volume of clinical activity and research, the challenge to define the most appropriate and clinically relevant staging system remains. The pathologically complex and uncertain clinical course of prostate cancer further complicates the design of staging classification and a substaging system suitable for individualized care. This review will focus on recent progress and controversial issues related to prostate cancer staging. The 2010 revision of the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union Internationale Contre le Cancer (AJCC/UICC) tumour, node and metastasis (TNM) system is the most widely used staging system at this time. Despite general acceptance of the system as a whole, there is controversy and uncertainty about its application, particularly for T2 subclassification. The three-tiered T2 classification system for organ-confined prostate cancer is superfluous, considering the biology and anatomy of PCa. A tumour size-based substaging system may be considered in the future TNM subclassification of pT2 cancer. Lymph node status is one of the most important prognostic factors for prostate cancer. Nevertheless, clinical outcomes in patients with positive lymph nodes are variable. Identification of patients at the greatest risk of systemic progression helps in the selection of appropriate therapy. The data suggest that the inherent aggressiveness of metastatic prostate cancer is closely linked to the tumour volume of lymph node metastasis. We recommend that a future TNM staging system should consider subclassification of node-positive cancer on the basis of nodal cancer volume, using the diameter of the largest nodal metastasis and/or the number of positive nodes.

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“…Seminal vesicle carcinoma is usually associated with diffuse carcinomas of the bladder, prostate, or upper tracts. Very few studies have been published on seminal vesicle invasion [3], and the tumor biology of seminal vesicle carcinoma is not well understood. The diagnoses of seminal vesicle carcinoma are generally based on a combination of morphologic, immunohistochemical, and radiological examinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Involved in the Tumorigenic Process of Seminal Vesicle Carcinoma in Transgenic Mice

Chang

Chou

Tsou

et al. 2010

International Journal of Proteomics

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We studied the seminal vesicle secretion (SVS) of transgenic mice by using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis combined with LTQ-FT ICR MS analysis to explore protein expression profiles. Using unique peptide numbers as a cut-off criterion, 79 proteins were identified with high confidence in the SVS proteome. Label-free quantitative analysis was performed by using the IDEAL_Q software program. Furthermore, western blot assays were performed to validate the expression of seminal vesicle proteins. Sulfhydryl oxidase 1, glia-derived nexin, SVS1, SVS3, and SVS6 showed overexpression in SVS during cancer development. With high sequence similarity to human semenogelin, SVS2 is the most abundance protein in SVS and is dramatically decreased during the tumorigenic process. Our results indicate that these protein candidates could serve as potential targets for monitoring seminal vesicle carcinoma. Moreover, this information can provide clues for investigating seminal vesicle secretion-containing seminal plasma for related human diseases.

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Seminal vesicle invasion in radical prostatectomies: Which is the most common route of invasion?

Abstract: Our results suggest that the most important and most frequent route of SVI is extraprostatic extension of prostate carcinoma into the soft tissue adjacent to the ipsilateral seminal vesicle and then into the wall of the seminal vesicle.

Cited by 22 publications

References 11 publications

A Contemporary Analysis of Outcomes of Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate With Seminal Vesicle Invasion (pT3b) After Radical Prostatectomy

A Contemporary Analysis of Outcomes of Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate With Seminal Vesicle Invasion (pT3b) After Radical Prostatectomy

Staging of prostate cancer

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Involved in the Tumorigenic Process of Seminal Vesicle Carcinoma in Transgenic Mice

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