Seminal fluid analysis and testicular volume in adults with epilepsy receiving valproate

Hamed, Sherifa A.; Moussa, Ehab M.; Tohamy, Amal M.; Mohamed, Khaled O.; Mohamad, Mohamad E.; Sherif, Tahra; Abdellah, Mostafa M.

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2014.08.029

Cited by 25 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…Consequently, adverse effects may result, such as seminal atrophy, histopathological alterations and secretion reduction (including biochemical parameters), as shown in this study. Our findings were in agreement with a previous study conducted in adult epileptic patients receiving VPA (Hamed et al, ). Seminal secretion contains low‐molecular weight compounds such as fructose and electrolytes, particularly chloride and bicarbonate‐rich fluid to promote sperm capacitation, increase stability of sperm chromatin and suppress immune activity in the female reproductive tract (Aumüller & Riva, ; Gonzales & Villena, ; Gustavo, ; Lazzarino et al, ; Levine, Rinaldo, & Schultz, ; Tajima, Okamura, & Sugita, ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Valproic acid changes the expression of tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in rat seminal vesicle

et al. 2019

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Previous studies reported the effects of valproic acid (VPA) on tyrosine‐phosphorylated (TyrPho) protein expression in the testis and epididymis, but its effects on that in the seminal vesicle (SV) have never been demonstrated. This study attempted to investigate the expressions of TyrPho proteins in SV treated with VPA. Sixteen rats were divided into control and VPA‐treated groups. The control rats were injected with normal saline, whereas the treated animals were intraperitoneally injected with VPA (500 mg/kg BW) for 10 consecutive days (n = 8/each). The biochemical parameters in blood plasma and SV fluid were analysed. The SV tissues and fluid were investigated for the presence and expression of TyrPho proteins, androgen receptor (AR) proteins and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). Significantly, VPA caused SV atrophy and reductions in secretion and biochemical parameter levels. There were significant increases in many TyrPho proteins in the plasma (a 95 kDa) and SV tissue (a 40 kDa) of the VPA rats. However, the expressions of seminal AR, Hsp70 and TyrPho proteins (50 and 48 kDa) were significantly lower in VPA rats. Recent results have indicated that VPA affected SV morphology and decreased biochemical fluid substances including TyrPho proteins associated with decreased expressions of AR and Hsp70.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Valproic acid changes the expression of tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in rat seminal vesicle

et al. 2019

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“…In the literature, there are studies to report dose-dependent changes in sperm parameters but these studies focus on the semen of the same patient in different VPA doses. 27,29 In accordance with these studies,…”

Section: Lmgsupporting

confidence: 81%

An open study of valproate in subfertile men with epilepsy

et al. 2020

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Objectives The aim of the study was to assess whether, male patients with epilepsy, switching from valproic acid (VPA) to levetiracetam (LEV) or lamotrigine (LMG) critically improves sperm counts and parameters, increasing chance of patients' female partners to spontaneously conceive. Materials and methods This is an observational prospective study recruiting all consecutive infertile male patients with epilepsy followed up at the outpatient Epilepsy Clinic of University Hospital of Ioannina, Northwest Greece. Infertile couples were referred to the Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction and Treatment of the University Hospital of Ioannina to conduct semen analysis. The first sample was collected while the patients were receiving VPA, and the second semen sample was collected after the patients were switched to LEV or LMG. Results Seventeen infertile male patients were recruited in the study. Nine patients were switched to LEV, and eight patients were switched to LMG. The mean sperm count increased after VPA withdraw P = .06. Motility was improved with an increase of total motility and non‐progressive motility (P = .02 and P = .03, accordingly), whether sperm defects were decreased, mainly head defects (P = .03). Differences between patients switched to LEV or LMG were minimal and showed no significant findings. Spontaneous pregnancies were reported in three of the patients' partners, without any other clinical intervention offered to the couple. Conclusion Switching from valproic acid to levetiracetam or lamotrigine improved sperm counts and other sperm parameters in subfertile male patients and increased the chance of spontaneously conceiving in subfertile couples.

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“…Then, ABP and testosterone are combined and carried in spermatogonia and spermatocytes, so that germ cells obtain stable, high concentrations of androgen, and effectively differentiate into mature sperm. Many studies have shown that epilepsy and a variety of AEDs can adversely affect the quality of semen, particularly older AEDs, most of which can affect the sex hormones and in turn have an impact on the occurrence and maturation of sperm . The epileptic abnormal discharge of brain neurons can also affect the function of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐gonadal axis, indirectly affecting the quality of sperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have shown that epilepsy and a variety of AEDs can adversely affect the quality of semen, particularly older AEDs, most of which can affect the sex hormones and in turn have an impact on the occurrence and maturation of sperm. 19,20 The epileptic abnormal discharge of brain neurons can also affect the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, indirectly affecting the quality of sperm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and lamotrigine on semen quality, sexual function, and sex hormones in male adults with epilepsy

Chen

Ji³

et al. 2018

Epilepsia

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Seminal fluid analysis and testicular volume in adults with epilepsy receiving valproate

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Valproic acid changes the expression of tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in rat seminal vesicle

Valproic acid changes the expression of tyrosine‐phosphorylated proteins in rat seminal vesicle

An open study of valproate in subfertile men with epilepsy

The effects of oxcarbazepine, levetiracetam, and lamotrigine on semen quality, sexual function, and sex hormones in male adults with epilepsy

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