Semiequilibrium dialysis study of the solubilization of benzoate anion by aqueous hexadecylpyridinium chloride

Mahmoud, Faten Z.; Christian, Sherril D.; Tucker, Edwin E.; Taha, A.

doi:10.1021/j100352a050

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Dialysis and ultrafiltration have been described as analytical tools in studies concerning the solubilisation of small molecules by micellar aggregates [5][6][7]. In dialysis experiments, two cell halves are separated by a membrane with a defined pore size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The partitioning of emulsifiers in o/w emulsions: A comparative study of SANS, ultrafiltration and dialysis

Oehlke¹,

Garamus²,

Heins³

et al. 2008

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The partitioning of emulsifiers in o/w emulsions: A comparative study of SANS, ultrafiltration and dialysis

Oehlke¹,

Garamus²,

Heins³

et al. 2008

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Whilst surfactants are highly antiviral in isolation, other mouthwash components may reduce their effectiveness. Benzoate can bind with CPC, dramatically reducing its cmc, without changing its micellar morphology ( 64, 65 ). Such interactions are typical for combinations of cationic surfactants and aromatic anions ( 66 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The SARS-CoV2 envelope is distinct from host membranes, exposes pro-coagulant lipids, and can be inactivated in vivo by surfactant-containing oral rinses

Saud

Tyrrell

Ζαραγκούλιας

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The lipid envelope of SARS-CoV2 is an essential component of the virus, however its molecular composition is unknown. Addressing this knowledge gap could support the design of anti-viral agents, and further understanding of viral interaction with extracellular host proteins, infectivity, pathogenicity, and innate immune system clearance. Lipidomics analysis of SARS-CoV2 particles generated from Vero or A549 cells revealed that the virus envelope comprised mainly of phospholipids (PL), primarily phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylinositol (PI), with very little cholesterol, sphingolipids or other lipids, indicating significant differences from host membranes. Unlike healthy cellular membranes, procoagulant aminoPL (aPL), specifically PE and phosphatidylserine (PS), were present on the external side at levels far exceeding those seen on activated platelets. As a result, purified virions directly promoted coagulation. To investigate whether these differences enabled the viral envelope to be selectively targeted at relevant sites in vivo, we tested whether non-toxic oral rinses containing lipid disrupting chemicals could reduce viral infectivity. Products containing PL-disrupting surfactant solutions (cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) or ethyl lauroyl arginate) met EN14476 virucidal standards in vitro, however products containing essential oils, PVP-I, or Chlorhexidine did not, nor did rinses containing components that altered the critical micelle concentration of CPC. This result was recapitulated in vivo, where a 30-second oral rinse with CPC-mouthwash eliminated live virus in the oral cavity of COVID19 patients for at least 1hr, while PVP-Iodine and saline mouthwashes were ineffective. Thus, the SARS-CoV2 lipid envelope is distinct from the host plasma membrane which may enable design of selective anti-viral approaches, it exposes PE and PS which may influence thrombosis, pathogenicity, and inflammation, and can be selectively targeted in vivo by specific oral rinses.

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“…The rejection (Rx) was calculated using equation 1 from permeate and retentate concentrations measured at the midpoint of each run; that is, after 100 mL of permeate was collected. The semi-equilibrium dialysis (SED) method has been used as described previously (8,77,(74)(75)(76)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29). Regenerated cellulose acetate membranes (Fisher) with an average MWCO of 6000 were soaked in deionized water for 24 hours prior to use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, we also use the semi-equilibrium dialysis (SED) technique which has been developed in our laboratory as a simple experimental method for investigating both solubilization of organic species in surfactant micelles and the binding or expulsion of ions by micelles. Since MEUF processes are equilibrium-controlled, rather than kinetically-controlled; the results of simple SED experiments can be used to predict the effectiveness of ultrafiltration (UF) purification processes for rejected species (8,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

Section: Rx (%) = {!-( [Xlper / [Xlret ) } X 100mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Ligand-Modified Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Selectively Remove Copper from Water

Shadizadeh

Taylor

Schovanec

et al. 1999

ACS Symposium Series

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The effectiveness of the ligand 4-hexadecyloxybenzyliminodiacetic acid (C 16 BIDA) for the selective removal of Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions using Ugand-modified micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (LM-MEUF) has been investigated. The cationic surfactant N-hexadecylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was used as the added colloid. Stirred cell ultrafiltration (UF) and semi-equilibrium dialysis (SED) methods were used to determine the effects of solution composition on the rejection of copper ions. The parameters studies include the concentrations of Cu 2+ , ligand, Ca 2+ , surfactant, and NaCl in the initial (feed) solution for UF and SED experiments and the applied pressure in the UF experiments. In solutions containing 100 mM CPC at pH 5.5, predominately 1:2 metal-ligand complexes are formed. Rejections of copper of up to 99.8% are observed, with almost no rejection of calcium, demonstrating the excellent selectivity and separation efficiency of C16BIDA in LM-MEUF. SED experiments showed that the ligand can be recovered for recycling by acid-stripping at pH 2.Surfactant-based separation processes are a class of chemical engineering separations that have great potential for removal and/or recovery of heavy metals and organic pollutants from water streams (7,2). Surfactant-based separation processes can require less energy, be less expensive, and have less environmental impact than traditional separation methods.Micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration (MEUF) is a surfactant-based separation technique that can be used to remove metal ions and/or dissolved organics from aqueous streams. In MEUF, the surfactant is present at a concentration well above its critical micelle concentration (CMC), so most of the surfactant is present as micelles. The micelles are roughly spherical aggregates containing about 50 to 150 surfactant molecules (3). The hydrocarbon chains of the surfactant fill the micelle interior making this core hydrophobic, and the hydrophilic portions of the surfactant are situated at the micelle surface. Cationic multivalent metal ions adsorb or bind to the surface of negatively charged micelles of an anionic surfactant while organic solutes tend to Corresponding author. 280

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Semiequilibrium dialysis study of the solubilization of benzoate anion by aqueous hexadecylpyridinium chloride

Cited by 16 publications

References 4 publications

The partitioning of emulsifiers in o/w emulsions: A comparative study of SANS, ultrafiltration and dialysis

The partitioning of emulsifiers in o/w emulsions: A comparative study of SANS, ultrafiltration and dialysis

The SARS-CoV2 envelope is distinct from host membranes, exposes pro-coagulant lipids, and can be inactivated in vivo by surfactant-containing oral rinses

Use of Ligand-Modified Micellar-Enhanced Ultrafiltration to Selectively Remove Copper from Water

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