Semi-Solid Nutrients for Prevention of Enteral Tube Feeding-Related Complications in Japanese Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to assess the best available evidence on semi-solid nutrients for prevention of complications associated with enteral tube feeding (ETF). PubMed (MEDLINE), EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Ichushi-web, and World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform databases were searched for relevant articles. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cluster RCTs, and crossover trials comparing the effects of semi-solid nutrients with those of control interventions in patients on ETF were included in the review. The primary outcome was development of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Eight RCTs and five crossover trials involving 889 study participants in total were examined via meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed that semi-solid nutrients significantly decreased the risk of GER (risk ratio 0.39; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.21 to 0.73) and the GER index (mean difference −2.93; 95% CI −5.18 to −0.68). Dwell time in the stomach was significantly shortened (standardized mean difference (SMD) −0.50; 95% CI −0.99 to −0.02), as was care time defined as the time needed to prepare and administer the nutrient solution (SMD −8.02; 95% CI −10.94 to −5.10). Semi-solid nutrients significantly decrease the risk of GER and the dwell time in the stomach in adult patients.

Best evidence summary for prevention and management of enteral feeding intolerance in critically ill patients

“…The six systematic reviews were all associated with enteral nutritional feeding intolerance in critically ill patients. Four were based on formulated ingredients for enteral nutrition (Kokura et al., 2020; Kristine Koekkoek et al., 2019; Lee et al., 2023; Liu et al., 2023), and of the remaining two systematic reviews, one was about the effect of abdominal massage during the enteral nutrition process in critically ill patients (Wang et al., 2022) and the other was on the effect of not monitoring the gastric residual volume in critically ill patients (Wang et al., 2019). Table 4, shows that the quality evaluation results of all six literatures were ‘no or only one non‐critical entry was inconsistent’; thus, all six documents were high quality and were included.…”

Preventive strategies for feeding intolerance among patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A cross-sectional survey

“…Some of these strategies were following several guidelines and expert consensus on nutritional support for critically ill patients [ 20 , 21 ], which indicates that most nurses and physicians can apply evidence-based strategies during EN delivery. In recent years, it has been reported that administration of low-temperature EN solutions (22–25 °C) [ 22 ] and intermittent infusion of semi-solid solutions [ 23 , 24 ] can reduce the risks of gastric ulcer and aspiration, while these two strategies were only used among 13.7% and 38.4% of the respondents, respectively. The low utility rates might be due to the related research being limited, causing insufficient popularization and application.…”

Rheological and thermal properties of an enteral nutrition formula for nutritional support patients using a combined mixture of gelatin and maltodextrin

“…(a) (7:1), (b) (6.25:1.75), (c) (5.5:2.5), (d) (4.75: 3.25), and (e) (4:4) gelatin-maltodextrin (% w/w). (Ellinger, 2015;Kokura et al, 2020;Wakita et al, 2012;Yoon & Wong, 2018). However, it is worth noting that the use of products The effect of storage time and gelatin-to-maltodextrin ratio on T g and T m levels is depicted in Table 1.…”