Semi‐Solid CNT@NaK Anode for Potassium Metal Battery

Yuan, Wenlu; Ding, Taifeng; Mou, Peizhi; Luo, Yusheng; Li, Laiping; Chen, Yong; Chen, Xiumin; Shu, Jie; Zhang, Liyuan

doi:10.1002/adfm.202209774

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Copyright © 2018, John Wiley and Sons; d) Theoretical calculations of graphitic-N replacement with NaK alloy. [136] Reprinted from Zhang et al, with permission. Copyright © 2022, John Wiley and Sons; e) Self-assembly of rGO@3DÀ Cu current collector.…”

Section: Carbon As Host For Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So far, liquid Na−K alloys benefited from low viscosity like “liquid”, [134] high surface tension, and electronic conductivity like “metal”, which delivered stable high capacity and could not grow dendrites (Figure 8c). [135] Yuan et al., constructed semi‐solid K metal electrodes with rich C−K bonds by in situ replacement of N‐doped carbon nanotubes (CNT) and liquid Na−K alloy, [136] which could deliver higher stability with dendrite‐free. Based on the theoretical calculation (Figure 8d), pyrrolic‐N and pyridinic‐N reacted spontaneously with the NaK alloy cluster at the wall of the carbon nanotube, accelerating the removal of N atoms.…”

Section: Carbon As Host For Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reprinted from Tu et al., with permission. Copyright © 2018, John Wiley and Sons; d) Theoretical calculations of graphitic‐N replacement with NaK alloy [136] . Reprinted from Zhang et al., with permission.…”

Section: Carbon As Host For Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2023

Angew Chem Int Ed

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Tremendous progress has been made in the field of electrochemical energy storage devices that rely on potassium‐ions as charge carriers due to their abundant resources and excellent ion transport properties. Nevertheless, future practical developments not only count on advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance, but also on competitive costs of electrodes for scalable production. In the past few decades, advanced carbon materials have attracted great interest due to their low cost, high selectivity, and structural suitability and have been widely investigated as functional materials for potassium‐ion storage. This article provides an up‐to‐date overview of this rapidly developing field, focusing on recent advanced and mechanistic understanding of carbon‐based electrode materials for potassium‐ion batteries. In addition, we also discuss recent achievements of dual‐ion batteries and conversion‐type K−X (X=O2, CO2, S, Se, I2) batteries towards potential practical applications as high‐voltage and high‐power devices, and summarize carbon‐based materials as the host for K‐metal protection and possible directions for the development of potassium energy‐related devices as well. Based on this, we bridge the gaps between various carbon‐based functional materials structure and the related potassium‐ion storage performance, especially provide guidance on carbon material design principles for next‐generation potassium‐ion storage devices.

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Section: Carbon As Host For Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Carbon As Host For Metal Protectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2023

Angew Chem Int Ed

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“…21 These anodes show great promise as they are compatible with existing cathodes in sodium or potassium ion batteries. 22,23 The anodes can be impregnated into carbon paper or other porous current collectors to prevent mechanical short-circuiting issues. 24 With further development, the NaK alloy anode has the potential to serve as a high-energy anode for NIBs.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition Analysis of the Solid Electrolyte Interface of NaK Anodes in Na-Ion Batteries

Janpandit,

Gogoi,

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as a promising alternative to Li-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium. However, anodes in Na-ion batteries face challenges such as dendrite formation and an unstable solid electrolyte interface layer. To address these challenges, NaK liquid metal alloy anodes have been proposed as an alternative because they do not form dendrites. In our study, we demonstrate that the NaK alloy anode interacts with the commonly used ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate electrolyte, leading to a continuously growing unstable SEI layer, evidenced by cycling failures under 100 cycles and an increasing charge transfer resistance in electrochemical impedance spectroscopy studies. In situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that over the course of cycling the surface of the NaK anode becomes increasingly sodium-rich. After 30 cycles, XPS analysis detects only trace amounts of potassium on the NaK anode surface. When the electrolyte is analyzed postcycling using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, there is a noticeable increase in potassium levels, suggesting that potassium metal dissolves into the electrolyte. The introduction of a 10 wt % fluoroethylene carbonate additive can mitigate this problem to some extent, enabling an enhanced cycling performance of up to 800 cycles at 1C. Nevertheless, the dissolution of K metal is still evident in the XPS results, albeit to a lesser degree. These discoveries provide valuable insights for designing a more robust SEI layer for the NaK anode.

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“…Alkali metals are preferred for secondary rechargeable batteries attributed to their low negative potential and high capacity (such as K, Na, and Li). [1,2] Nevertheless, lithium fails to meet the demand for accelerated global grid-scale electric energy storage, because of its limited reserves (about 0.0065% in the crust) and uneven distribution. [3,4] In contrast, K and Na lure a lot of attention in applications owing to their low cost and natural abundance (about 2.47% and 2.74% in the crust).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mask‐Based Separator with Sustained‐Release LiNO₃ as Dendrite Growth Barrier for Potassium Metal Battery

Mou

Zhang

Liu³

et al. 2023

Advanced Energy Materials

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Separators with low-cost, superior mechanical properties, such as nanofiber materials, are considered a viable option for solving the dendritic problem in alkali metal batteries. Consuming the dendrites rather than blocking them underpins the long-life stable cycle performance of the cell. Herein, a five-layer structural separator (LiNO 3 @PVDF@mask) is presented, in which a mask is used as a framework and the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) layer loaded with LiNO 3 can generate a passivation layer by reacting with K dendrites. In the case of potassium metal batteries, for example, the LiNO 3 @PVDF@mask separator has excellent mechanical properties that can effectively cope with the hazards caused by the K dendrite. In addition, sustained-release LiNO 3 can react with penetrated K dendrites to form inactive substances like KNO 3 and K 2 O, blocking further dendrite growth. Importantly, the LiNO 3 @PVDF@mask separator uses a low-cost abundant mask and possesses excellent wettability of electrolyte with a reduced amount of liquid electrolyte, enabling one to further iron out cost problems. This study opens up a new direction for research and contributes to practical applications of flexible devices for rechargeable alkaline metal batteries.

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Semi‐Solid CNT@NaK Anode for Potassium Metal Battery

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Composition Analysis of the Solid Electrolyte Interface of NaK Anodes in Na-Ion Batteries

Mask‐Based Separator with Sustained‐Release LiNO₃ as Dendrite Growth Barrier for Potassium Metal Battery

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Semi‐Solid CNT@NaK Anode for Potassium Metal Battery

Cited by 16 publications

References 64 publications

Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage

Composition Analysis of the Solid Electrolyte Interface of NaK Anodes in Na-Ion Batteries

Mask‐Based Separator with Sustained‐Release LiNO3 as Dendrite Growth Barrier for Potassium Metal Battery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Mask‐Based Separator with Sustained‐Release LiNO₃ as Dendrite Growth Barrier for Potassium Metal Battery