Semi-quantitative distribution of excitatory amino acid (glutamate) transporters 1–3 (EAAT1-3) and the cystine-glutamate exchanger (xCT) in the adult murine spinal cord

Hu, Qiu-Xiang; G, Klatt; Gudmundsrud, Ruben; Ottestad-Hansen, Sigrid; Verbruggen, Lise; Massie, Ann; Danbolt, N; Zhou, Yun

doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104811

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 64 publications

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“…Furthermore, the CB 1 receptor antibody was tested in CB 1 −/− brain tissue (Marsicano et al, 2002) by double pre‐embedding immunogold (CB 1 ) and immunoperoxidase (Iba1 or GLAST) method for electron microscopy (Figure 1). The anti‐A522 (EAAT1 [GLAST]) antibody (Ab#314) targeting the C‐terminal residues 522–541 of rat EAAT1 (Hu et al, 2020) was used to identify astrocytic compartments. GLAST was restricted to astrocytes and localized intracellularly with no detectable labeling in nerve terminals, as previously described (Lehre et al, 1995; Schmitt et al, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered glial expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the subiculum of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Terradillos

Río

Puente

et al. 2022

Glia

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The alteration of the endocannabinoid tone usually associates with changes in the expression and/or function of the cannabinoid CB 1 receptor. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyloid beta (Aβ)-containing aggregates induce a chronic inflammatory response leading to reactivity of both microglia and astrocytes. However, how this glial response impacts on the glial CB 1 receptor expression in the subiculum of a mouse model of AD, a brain region particularly affected by large accumulation of plaques and concomitant subcellular changes in microglia and astrocytes, is unknown.The CB 1 receptor localization in both glial cells was investigated in the subiculum of male 5xFAD/CB 2 EGFP/f/f (AD model) and CB 2 EGFP/f/f mice by immuno-electron microscopy. The findings revealed that glial CB 1 receptors suffer remarkable changes in the AD mouse. Thus, CB 1 receptor expression increases in reactive microglia in 5xFAD/CB 2 EGFP/f/f , but remains constant in astrocytes with CB 1 receptor labeling rising proportionally to the perimeter of the reactive astrocytes. Not least, the CB 1 receptor localization in microglial processes in the subiculum of controls and closely surrounding amyloid plaques and dystrophic neurites of the AD model, supports previous suggestions of the presence of the CB 1 receptor in microglia. These findings on the correlation between glial reactivity and the CB 1 receptor expression in microglial cells and astrocytes, contribute to the understanding of the role of the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered glial expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the subiculum of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Terradillos

Río

Puente

et al. 2022

Glia

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The brain in flux: Genetic, physiologic, and therapeutic perspectives on transporters in the CNS

Hewett

Prado

Robinson

2021

Neurochemistry International

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Cystine–glutamate antiporter deletion accelerates motor recovery and improves histological outcomes following spinal cord injury in mice

Sprimont

Janssen

Swert

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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AbstractxCT is the specific subunit of System xc-, an antiporter importing cystine while releasing glutamate. Although xCT expression has been found in the spinal cord, its expression and role after spinal cord injury (SCI) remain unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of xCT on functional and histological outcomes following SCI induced in wild-type (xCT+/+) and in xCT-deficient mice (xCT−/−). In the normal mouse spinal cord, slc7a11/xCT mRNA was detected in meningeal fibroblasts, vascular mural cells, astrocytes, motor neurons and to a lesser extent in microglia. slc7a11/xCT gene and protein were upregulated within two weeks post-SCI. xCT−/− mice recovered muscular grip strength as well as pre-SCI weight faster than xCT+/+ mice. Histology of xCT−/− spinal cords revealed significantly more spared motor neurons and a higher number of quiescent microglia. In xCT−/− mice, inflammatory polarization shifted towards higher mRNA expression of ym1 and igf1 (anti-inflammatory) while lower levels of nox2 and tnf-a (pro-inflammatory). Although astrocyte polarization did not differ, we quantified an increased expression of lcn2 mRNA. Our results show that slc7a11/xCT is overexpressed early following SCI and is detrimental to motor neuron survival. xCT deletion modulates intraspinal glial activation by shifting towards an anti-inflammatory profile.

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Semi-quantitative distribution of excitatory amino acid (glutamate) transporters 1–3 (EAAT1-3) and the cystine-glutamate exchanger (xCT) in the adult murine spinal cord

Cited by 3 publications

References 64 publications

Altered glial expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the subiculum of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

Altered glial expression of the cannabinoid 1 receptor in the subiculum of a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

The brain in flux: Genetic, physiologic, and therapeutic perspectives on transporters in the CNS

Cystine–glutamate antiporter deletion accelerates motor recovery and improves histological outcomes following spinal cord injury in mice

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