Semi-Batch Gasification of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)

Haydary, Juma; Šuhaj, Patrik; Šoral, Michal

doi:10.3390/pr9020343

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Secondary tars are much less oxygenated in comparison with the primary and consist mostly of phenolics, olefins, monoaromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic ethers. Tertiary tars consisting mostly of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) appears when the temperature is approaching 1000°C (Haydary et al, 2021). PAHs in turn serves as a precursor for soot formation (Apicella et al, 2020).…”

Section: Thermal Transformation Character and Thermochemical Treatment Of Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cost‐effective syngas treatment systems applicable for small‐scale gasification must be mentioned as the area of special interest. Further investigation of thermo‐catalytic thermal decomposition processes is also very important to improve waste pyrolysis and gasification technologies (Haydary et al, 2021).…”

Section: Development and Applications Of Pyrolysis And Gasification Technologies For Waste Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Porshnov

2021

WIREs Energy & Environment

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The paper aims to review the state of the art in the field of pyrolysis and gasification of waste and to identify approaches that can be prospective considering the upcoming transformation of society. The results show that the transition to a circular, low carbon economy will significantly change the composition of municipal wastes, making thermochemical approaches more and more competitive. However, it does not mean that pyrolysis and gasification will outperform incineration in the field of traditional waste to energy. Novel thermochemical waste management approaches must not be viewed as competitors, but rather as the successors of the traditional mass‐burn incineration. The transition to a circular, low carbon economy will result in an emergence of new needs, new products and thus in possibilities of new pyrolysis and gasification‐based business models different from the waste to energy concept. Negative emissions, energy storage, stabilization of renewable grids as well as renewable fuels must be mentioned as examples of such new products. Thus, thermochemical processing technologies should be embedded into the wider concept of circular, low carbon economy as the source of energy for recycling, a technology of tertiary recycling of synthetic polymers and as a way to transform nonrecyclable rejects into fuels, negative emissions, and other marketable products. This article is categorized under: Bioenergy > Systems and Infrastructure

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Section: Thermal Transformation Character and Thermochemical Treatment Of Wastesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Development and Applications Of Pyrolysis And Gasification Technologies For Waste Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Porshnov

2021

WIREs Energy & Environment

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“…The composition of syngas obtained in this work is in line with that reported (on free N 2 basis) for a real RDF under similar experimental conditions by Arena et al using an olivine-fluidized bed [ 35 ] or a pilot scale bubbling-fluidized bed reactor [ 75 ]. Some differences can be found in the tar concentration [ 33 , 75 ]. Arena and coworkers in both cases reported a very high tar concentration (54 g/Nm 3 in [ 35 ] and 39 g/Nm 3 in [ 75 ]), while in this work, a concentration of 3.15 g/Nm 3 was obtained; it should be evidenced that the tar sampling protocols used are different and an overestimation of the tar concentration in the works of Arena et al can be taken into account.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gasification is a promising technology for the conversion of mixed solid waste into a valuable gas to be further used in power generation systems [ 31 , 32 ]. Batch and semibatch gasifiers [ 33 ], fixed-bed gasifiers [ 34 ], fluidized bed gasifiers [ 35 ], entrained-flow gasifiers [ 28 ], plasma-assisted gasifiers [ 36 ] from the lab to pilot scale have been employed in the gasification of wastes, but a diffuse commercialization of such technologies still represent a challenge and only some of these plants (in Finland and Japan) are operating in the world. The high tar content in syngas is one of the most important disadvantages of the gasification process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyrolysis and Gasification of a Real Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF): The Potential Use of the Products under a Circular Economy Vision

et al. 2022

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Refuse-Derived Fuels (RDFs) are segregated forms of wastes obtained by a combined mechanical–biological processing of municipal solid wastes (MSWs). The narrower characteristics, e.g., high calorific value (18–24 MJ/kg), low moisture content (3–6%) and high volatile (77–84%) and carbon (47–56%) contents, make RDFs more suitable than MSWs for thermochemical valorization purposes. As a matter of fact, EU regulations encourage the use of RDF as a source of energy in the frameworks of sustainability and the circular economy. Pyrolysis and gasification are promising thermochemical processes for RDF treatment, since, compared to incineration, they ensure an increase in energy recovery efficiency, a reduction of pollutant emissions and the production of value-added products as chemical platforms or fuels. Despite the growing interest towards RDFs as feedstock, the literature on the thermochemical treatment of RDFs under pyrolysis and gasification conditions still appears to be limited. In this work, results on pyrolysis and gasification tests on a real RDF are reported and coupled with a detailed characterization of the gaseous, condensable and solid products. Pyrolysis tests have been performed in a tubular reactor up to three different final temperatures (550, 650 and 750 °C) while an air gasification test at 850 °C has been performed in a fluidized bed reactor using sand as the bed material. The results of the two thermochemical processes are analyzed in terms of yield, characteristics and quality of the products to highlight how the two thermochemical conversion processes can be used to accomplish waste-to-materials and waste-to-energy targets. The RDF gasification process leads to the production of a syngas with a H2/CO ratio of 0.51 and a tar concentration of 3.15 g/m3.

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“…The tar and wax fraction can amount to up to 10 wt.% of the feed, which can cause fouling in downstream processes. A secondary catalytic stage can significantly reduce the tar content in gas [84].…”

Section: Gasificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brief Overview of Refuse-Derived Fuel Production and Energetic Valorization: Applied Technology and Main Challenges

et al. 2023

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A large part of municipal solid waste (MSW) still goes to landfills, representing an environmental concern. A circular economy approach can enable safe management of MSW while mitigating the increasing energy needs when waste is used as a feedstock in energy production processes (waste to energy). Currently, MSW can be converted into refuse-derived fuel (RDF) through mechanical and biological treatment processes. This study analyzes the status of MSW and RDF production, as well as its main destinations in Portugal and Europe. The legislation applied, possible energy-recovery routes, and challenges associated with energy recovery are discussed throughout this paper. This research finds that the production of RDF in Portugal has been neglected, mostly because of RDF composition being quite heterogeneous and its poor fuel properties. Therefore, the need to improve and upgrade the characteristics and properties of RDF for waste-to-energy processes was detected. RDF can be pretreated to be further applied to waste-to-energy and waste-to-gas processes, such as incineration and gasification. The technology readiness level data, costs, and SWOT analysis allowedto assess that although incineration is the most mature and widely used technology, gasification becomes more attractive, having lower costs and gaseous emissions, proving to be more efficient and sustainable for MSW and RDF conversion.

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Semi-Batch Gasification of Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF)

Cited by 7 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Evolution of pyrolysis and gasification as waste to energy tools for low carbon economy

Pyrolysis and Gasification of a Real Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF): The Potential Use of the Products under a Circular Economy Vision

Brief Overview of Refuse-Derived Fuel Production and Energetic Valorization: Applied Technology and Main Challenges

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