“…I c is the critical current in which the characteristic parameters change their linear behavior in low velocity to exponential behavior in high velocity. Paper [240] presents a simple mechanical model consisting of a Bouc-Wen element in parallel with a viscous damper (with damping coefficient c 0 ). It was used and verified to accurately predict the behavior of a prototype shear-mode MR damper over a wide of range of inputs by.…”
Structural systems often show nonlinear behavior under severe excitations generated by natural hazards. In that condition, the restoring force becomes highly nonlinear showing significant hysteresis. The hereditary nature of this nonlinear restoring force indicates that the force cannot be described as a function of the instantaneous displacement and velocity. Accordingly, many hysteretic restoring force models were developed to include the time dependent nature using a set of differential equations. This survey contains a review of the past, recent developments and implementations of the Bouc-Wen model which is used extensively in modeling the hysteresis phenomenon in the dynamically excited nonlinear structures.
“…I c is the critical current in which the characteristic parameters change their linear behavior in low velocity to exponential behavior in high velocity. Paper [240] presents a simple mechanical model consisting of a Bouc-Wen element in parallel with a viscous damper (with damping coefficient c 0 ). It was used and verified to accurately predict the behavior of a prototype shear-mode MR damper over a wide of range of inputs by.…”
Structural systems often show nonlinear behavior under severe excitations generated by natural hazards. In that condition, the restoring force becomes highly nonlinear showing significant hysteresis. The hereditary nature of this nonlinear restoring force indicates that the force cannot be described as a function of the instantaneous displacement and velocity. Accordingly, many hysteretic restoring force models were developed to include the time dependent nature using a set of differential equations. This survey contains a review of the past, recent developments and implementations of the Bouc-Wen model which is used extensively in modeling the hysteresis phenomenon in the dynamically excited nonlinear structures.
“…Additional papers were also published in Volumes 129(7) and 10(3-4) of the Journal of Structural Engineering (ASCE) and the Journal of Structural Control, respectively. The aforementioned studies along with additional ones published independently, included applications (with regard to semi-active control) of stiffness control devices 47,80 , friction control devices 47,81 , controllable fluid dampers [82][83][84][85][86] , negative stiffness devices 87 , and hybrid base isolation systems 88,89 .…”
This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. In view of the grave socioeconomic consequences of earthquake damage to bridge structures, along with their critical role in modern and older road and rail networks, this article attempts to identify and summarise the current trends in the use of semi-active control technology in bridge engineering, as an enhanced seismic response control solution, combining increased adaptability and reliability, compared to passive and active schemes. In this context, representative analytical and experimental studies, as well as some full-scale applications of semi-active control devices are first reviewed and a brief description of relevant benchmark studies is subsequently presented, with a view to serving as a point of reference for further research and development. A framework of performance-based control principles aiming at the aforementioned objectives is finally set forth.
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“…A fuzzy sliding mode control algorithm for structures subjected to seismic activity was also presented [9] . Recently, fuzzy control technique was proposed to evaluate the benchmark control problem of a seismically excited cable-stayed bridge, and the simulated results showed that the proposed semi-active fuzzy control technique could effectively mitigate the seismic response of cable-stayed bridges and successfully enhance the robust performance of the MR damper system [10] .…”
The control strategy is very important for semi-active control or active control systems. An integrated intelligent control strategy for building structures incorporated with magnetorheological (MR) dampers subjected to earthquake excitation is proposed. In this strategy, the time-delay problem is solved by a neural network and the control currents of the MR dampers are determined quickly by a fuzzy controller. Through a numerical example of a three-storey structure with one MR damper installed in the first floor, the seismic responses of the uncontrolled, the intelligently controlled, the passive-on controlled, and the passive-off controlled structures under different earthquake excitations are analyzed. Based on the numerical results, it can be found that the time domain and the frequency domain responses are reduced effectively when the MR damper is added in the structure, and the integrated intelligent control strategy has a better earthquake mitigation effect. magnetorheological damper, semi-active control, intelligent
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