Semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pig (Sus scrofa domestica)

Zhang, Shibin; Guo, Kuonan; Kong, Deying; Liu, Yu; Shang, Haitao; Wei, Hong

doi:10.18805/ijar.7494

Cited by 7 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…The P wave was positive in the DII derivation in all animals, ranging from 39.2 to 42.75 ms in duration. These findings were similar to those observed in conventional minipigs and pigs which was within the range considered normal [10,32]. The PR interval ranged from 114 to 119.12 ms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The HR values found in this study were similar to the findings for pigs (Sus scrofa domestica), guinea pigs and peccaries [3,32,33]. Although they belong to different families, domestic pigs and peccaries are physically similar [4], justifying the similarity in HR values among these species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The present study evidenced a great variation of the QRS patterns in the studied derivations. This variation has also been reported in pigs [10,32] and in small ruminants [21]. These studies attributed this variability of wave deflections to changes in cardiac topography relative to the chest, as well as differences in the ventricular activation mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…The T wave did not show great variability in its shape and polarity, unlike the findings found in some species [9]. Although some studies have suggested that the position of the electrode in the patients thorax may affect T-wave polarity [10], standardization of the position of the electrodes used in this experiment [30] did not show variability in T-wave polarity, which was also observed in Goettingen minipigs [22,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

“…The electric axis was a highly variable parameter among all animals of the experiment, as has been observed in several species of monkeys [5,16,18,27,31], as well as in conventional pigs and minipigs [32,33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Standard Electrocardiographic Data of Peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Souza

Rodrigues

Pessoa

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:Peccaries (Tayassu tajacu, Linnaeus, 1758) are wild suiformes that belong to the Tayassuidae family. Electrocardiography is an important technique for cardiovascular evaluation. Analysis of various intervals, segments, complexes and waveforms of electrocardiographic (ECG) traces aids in the diagnosis of cardiac alterations and in the differentiation of congenital and acquired heart diseases from physiological cases. However, in wild animal medicine, the various patterns of normality and the evaluation of electrical traces associated with heart disease have not yet been sufficiently elucidated. The purpose of this study was to characterize the electrocardiographic (ECG) traces of peccaries sedated using ketamine and xylazine.Materials, Methods & Results:Fourteen healthy adult animals that were subjected to digital ECG examination were used. Animals with evidence of systemic diseases, cardiovascular abnormalities (murmurs or arrhythmias), or any degree of valve insufficiency observed on echocardiogram and animals that exhibited excessive stress during the examination were excluded from the study. All animals presented with a normal sinus rhythm. A combination of 15 mg/kg of ketamine hydrochloride and 3 mg/kg of midazolam maleate was applied intramuscularly for chemical immobilization. The animals were manipulated after 15 min, when the onset of the anaesthetic effect was verified, for a duration of 45 min, and no reinforcement dose was necessary to complete the electrocardiographic examination. No significant differences were observed in the P-wave duration, PR interval and QT interval between genders (P > 0.05). No significant differences were found between the amplitudes of the P and R waves between males and females (P > 0.05). The observed P waves were small, monophasic and positive. The QRS complex was positive in the DI, DII, DIII, aVF, V4 and V10 derivations and negative in the aVR, aVL, V1 and V2 derivations. In 71% of the animals, the T wave showed negative polarity in the DI, DII, DIII, aVL, aVF, and V10 derivations and positive polarity in the aVR, V1, V2 and V4 derivations. The ST segment was isoelectric in 100% of the animals. GraphPad Prism 7 (La Jolla, CA, USA) software was used to analyze the data, with non-parametric tests used to test for differences in the variables between the sexes. In these tests, a P-value of 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.Discussion:Although studies on the cardiac electrophysiology of wild animals have previously shown good results for several species, this is the first study concerning the standardization ECG traces for peccaries. However, due to the wild nature of these animals, their manipulation for handling and data collection purposes is only feasible under chemical containment, although other studies have used non-anaesthetized agoutis. It is not known to what extent these results may have been influenced by the effects of stress. Drugs used for this function may have direct effects on cardiac function. Therefore, the presumed normal ECG values, as well as the recognition of changes due to drug or iatrogenic interactions, are of fundamental importance. This protocol provided high-quality anaesthetized peccary ECG traces, allowing reliable measurements of waves and intervals and assessment of the cardiac rhythm and heart rate. The surface registry digital ECG recording technique used with chemical containment allowed good monitoring and rapid acquisition and was well tolerated by the animals.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 46%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

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Standard Electrocardiographic Data of Peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Souza

Rodrigues

Pessoa

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Gómez-Torres

Ruiz‐Saurí

2021

Vet Res Commun

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His bundle is a part of the specialized electrical conduction system that, in the normal or anormal hearts, provides connection between the atrial and ventricular myocardial compartments. The aim of this study was to perform a morphometric analysis of the characteristics of His bundle and its association with predetermined electrophysiological variables in humans, dogs, horses, and pigs. We used ve hearts of the species studied. Histological sections of 5 µm thickness were obtained and stained with hematoxylineosin and Masson's trichrome. We also used the desmin and PAS method for precise identi cation of cells. His bundle was longer in horses (2.85 x 0.82 mm) and pigs (1.77 x 0.44 mm) than in dogs (1.53 x 0.26 mm) and humans, which was the shortest (1.06 x 0.23 mm). In His bundle cells, the area and diameters were signi cantly larger in pigs and horses than in humans (p < 0.001) and dogs (p < 0.001). We have found two patterns of organization of the components of His bundle: Group I, with large cells and a high amount of collagen bers in ungulates (pigs and horses); group II, with smaller cells and less amount of collagen bers in humans and dogs. Documenting differences in cell size in His bundle allows us to obtain an additional, alternative identi cation criterion to commonly used ones such as anatomical location. Morphological characteristics of His bundle and its cells in the different species studied coincide with rapid or slow transmission of the electrical impulse when compared with the predetermined electrophysiological variables.

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Comparative analysis of ECG records depending on body position in domestic swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

et al. 2022

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Background Electrocardiography is a method widely applied in diagnosing abnormalities in the functioning of the heart muscle in veterinary medicine. It is a non-invasive and easy to perform test helpful in the general examination and a widely used patient monitoring method during anesthesia. Since the 1980s, pigs have become more and more popular companion animals. Moreover, the pig is a widely used model animal in biomedical research. Therefore, there is need to provide them with higher-quality veterinary services, also in emergency situations. It creates new challenges for veterinarians and the need to expand their knowledge of pigs’ treatment as pets. The aim of the planned experiment was to compare the ECG recordings made with two different body positions and determine if any differences occurred. Standard ECG in swine is performed under general anesthesia in the lying position on the left side, for this position of the body have been developed and reported standards in the literature. However, some procedures performed on swine require a different body position, for which there is less data in the literature. Methods The study was carried out on 29 Polish landrace pigs weighing in the range of 33–44 kg. The tests were performed under general anesthesia with the same protocol for each animal, placing the animals first lying down on their right side, and then on their backs. The anesthesia protocol included medetomidine, midazolam, ketamine, and propofol. During the examination, ECG records were performed and analyzed in a 12-lead system with software support. Results The results show significant differences in electrocardiogram recordings depending on the animal's body position. Those differences mainly concern the amplitude of the P wave and R wave in the recordings and are even more visible comparing the electrocardiograms of the same specimen. There are also some significant differences in the duration of intervals. Based on the obtained results, reference ranges for the right lateral and dorsal positions were developed. Conclusion In conclusion, the body position has a significant impact on the ECG recording in swine, therefore performing this examination, chosen normative value tables should be compatible with the position of the examined animal.

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Semen quality and fertility of Bama miniature pig (Sus scrofa domestica)

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Standard Electrocardiographic Data of Peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Standard Electrocardiographic Data of Peccaries (Tayassu tajacu)

Morphometric analysis of the His bundle (atrioventricular fascicle) in humans and other animal species. Histological and immunohistochemical study

Comparative analysis of ECG records depending on body position in domestic swine (Sus scrofa domestica)

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