Semen analysis in HTV seropositive men and in subjects at high risk for HTV infection

Dondero, F.; Rossi, Tiziana; D’Offizi, Giampiero; Mazzilli, Fernando; Rosso, Rosamaria; Sarandrea, Nadia; Pinter, Elena; Aiuti, F

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a019251

Cited by 74 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Documented evidence showed that decrease in sperm count is an important indicator of male infertility [44]. Decrease in sperm count associated with exposure to LPV/r agrees with some reported observations [45,46], also SMX/TMP induced decrease in sperm count observed in this study has been reported by some authors [47]. In the absence of significant synergistic decrease in sperm count when these agents were co-administered the concurrent use of these agents may be safe on testicular function.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impact of Co-administered Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim on Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats

Oputiri¹,

Adikwu²

2014

AJPS

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Antiretroviral drugs containing Lopinavir/ ritonavir (LPV/r) are usually co-administered with sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) in the management of HIV/AIDS and co infections. The concurrent use of these drugs may place more adverse burden on testicular function because reports have associated these drugs individually with decreased testicular function. This study therefore evaluated the effects of the co-administration of SMX/TMP + LPV/r on reproductive indices of male albino rats. Eighty (80) adult male rats which were divided into five (5) groups A-E were used in this study. Animals in group A which served as the control were treated with 1% ethanol while animals in groups B-E were treated orally with SMX/TMP, (22.4/4.6mg/kg), LPV/r (22.8/5.8mg/kg) and combined doses of SMX/TMP + LPV/r for 2-8 weeks respectively. Animals were sacrificed at the end of treatment, testes were collected and weighed. Sperm count, sperm motility, and morphology were evaluated. Testicular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD) and histopathological changes were also analyzed. Single doses of LPV/r and SMX/TMP produced significant time dependent decrease in total sperm count and sperm motility, with increase in abnormal sperm morphology. Treatment with single doses of these agents time dependently increased testicular MDA, decreased SOD level and induced abnormal testicular histopathological changes. No significant synergistic effects were observed in all evaluated parameters when these agents were coadministered. Conclusion: Due to lack of significant synergistic effects on all evaluated parameters with the coadministration of these agents, the concurrent use of these agents in the management of HIV and co-infections may not have any deleterious effect on male reproductive function.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Impact of Co-administered Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim on Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats

Oputiri¹,

Adikwu²

2014

AJPS

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“…Biologically, as well as increases in viral load or decreases in CD4 þ cell count as explanatory factors, the semen quality of HIV-positive partners could be reduced over the time of their infection [26][27][28] or their increased illness could impact on their sexual activity. In terms of behaviour, HIV-positive women are more likely to be widowed [6,29,30] due to having had an HIV-positive partner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of HIV on fertility by infection duration

Marston

Nakiyingi‐Miiro

Kusemererwa

et al. 2017

Aids

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on behalf of the ALPHA network 1 Objectives: To estimate the relationship between HIV natural history and fertility by duration of infection in east and southern Africa before the availability of antiretroviral therapy and assess potential biases in estimates of age-specific subfertility when using retrospective birth histories in cross-sectional studies.Design: Pooled analysis of prospective population-based HIV cohort studies in Masaka (Uganda), Kisesa (Tanzania) and Manicaland (Zimbabwe).Methods: Women aged 15-49 years who had ever tested for HIV were included. Analyses were censored at antiretroviral treatment roll-out. Fertility rate ratios were calculated to see the relationship of duration of HIV infection on fertility, adjusting for background characteristics. Survivorship and misclassification biases on age-specific subfertility estimates from cross-sectional surveys were estimated by reclassifying person-time from the cohort data to simulate cross-sectional surveys and comparing fertility rate ratios with true cohort results.Results: HIV-negative and HIV-positive women contributed 15 440 births and 86 320 person-years; and 1236 births and 11 240 000 person-years, respectively, to the final dataset. Adjusting for age, study site and calendar year, each additional year since HIV seroconversion was associated with a 0.02 (95% confidence interval 0.01-0.03) relative decrease in fertility for HIV-positive women. Survivorship and misclassification biases in simulated retrospective birth histories resulted in modest underestimates of subfertility by 2-5% for age groups 20-39 years.Conclusion: Longer duration of infection is associated with greater relative fertility reduction for HIV-positive women. This should be considered when creating estimates for HIV prevalence among pregnant women and prevention of mother-to-child transmission need over the course of the HIV epidemic and antiretroviral treatment scale up.

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“…In another study, a significant positive correlation was found between blood CD4 ϩ cell number and sperm motility in seropositive men, and a significant inverse correlation was found between CD4 ϩ cell number and sperm abnormalities. The authors suggested that this may be due to a decrease in testosteronemia, resulting in defective epididymal sperm maturation (102).…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virus Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Viruses in the Mammalian Male Genital Tract and Their Effects on the Reproductive System

Dejucq

Jégou

2001

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

287

220

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This review describes the various viruses identified in the semen and reproductive tracts of mammals (including humans), their distribution in tissues and fluids, their possible cell targets, and the functional consequences of their infectivity on the reproductive and endocrine systems. The consequences of these viral infections on the reproductive tract and semen can be extremely serious in terms of organ integrity, development of pathological and cancerous processes, and transmission of diseases. Furthermore, of essential importance is the fact that viral infection of the testicular cells may result not only in changes in testicular function, a serious risk for the fertility and general health of the individual (such as a fall in testosteronemia leading to cachexia), but also in the possible transmission of virus-induced mutations to subsequent generations. In addition to providing an exhaustive account of the data available in these domains, this review focuses attention on the fact that the interface between endocrinology and virology has so far been poorly explored, particularly when major health, social and economical problems are posed. Our conclusions highlight the research strategies that need to be developed. Progress in all these domains is essential for the development of new treatment strategies to eradicate viruses and to correct the virus-induced dysfunction of the endocrine system

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Semen analysis in HTV seropositive men and in subjects at high risk for HTV infection

Cited by 74 publications

References 17 publications

Impact of Co-administered Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim on Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats

Impact of Co-administered Lopinavir/Ritonavir and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim on Reproductive Indices of Male Albino Rats

The effects of HIV on fertility by infection duration

Viruses in the Mammalian Male Genital Tract and Their Effects on the Reproductive System

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