Semantic originality of onyms of Posemye with the meaning ‘stream’ (etymological aspect)

Abstract

The study of folk regional geographical terminology as a reflection of the linguistic picture of the world allows us to show the state of perception of reality, which developed in earlier periods of the development of language in society. Russian folk dialects underlie the formation of geographical terminology, in particular microhydronyms. Many names cannot be explained from the point of view of the modern Russian language. Dialectal and etymological dictionaries offer several versions of the interpretation of individual nominations; therefore, to establish the truth, the exact names of the realities associated with the studied microhydro-objects are needed. The microhydronymic system of the Kursk region reflected ethnic, migration processes of ancient times, historical events, the peculiarity of the economic structure, the geographical conditions of the area, the presence of flora and fauna, etc. Therefore, the study and description of microhydronymy acquires relevance and scientific significance in the study of the history, ethnic culture of the peoples inhabiting the territory around Kursk in the past and present. In this article, the authors analyze, using materials from etymological and dialectical dictionaries, the names of the streams of the Kursk region, which have motivational features: 1) size, shape, configuration of the channel, 2) features of the terrain, 3) landscape features of the hydro-object. It is concluded that the study of folk regional geographic terminology, and in particular the microhydronymics of the Kursk region, helps to penetrate deeper into the semantics, etymology of many words of the toponymic system. The variety of meanings of microhydronyms testifies to their complex historical path. Further study of regional toponyms will show the state of perception of reality, which developed in earlier periods of language development in society.