“…These include localized Ostwald ripening [40], differential diffusion (nanoscale kirkendall effect) [41,42], postsynthesis encapsulation method [43,44], template-assisted synthesis technique [27,45,46], and sacrificial carbon core generated by hydrothermal treatment of aqueous solutions of glucose and polysaccharides [39,47]. Each of these approaches has shown very promising activity for SnO 2 hollow and core-shell nanostructures [48,49].…”