Self‐suppression of biofilm formation in the cyanobacterium <i><scp>S</scp>ynechococcus elongatus</i>

Schatz, Daniella; Nagar, Elad; Sendersky, Eleonora; Parnasa, Rami; Zilberman, Shaul; Carmeli, Shmuel; Mastai, Yitzhak; Shimoni, Eyal; Klein, Eugenia; Yeger, Orna; Reich, Ziv; Schwarz, Rakefet

doi:10.1111/1462-2920.12070

Cited by 66 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 52 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

117

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1b) and cryo-scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM, Fig. 1c) substantiate biofilm development by T2SEΩ (see Schatz et al 33. for additional cryo-SEM as well as environmental-SEM analyses).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Previously, we demonstrated that inactivation of genes encoding homologs of type II protein secretion systems or the type IV pilus assembly apparatus (components of these complexes share a high degree of similarity34353637) impairs a biofilm inhibitory mechanism of S. elongatus and enables biofilm development33. Inactivation of synpcc7942_2071, which encodes a homolog of subunit E of type II secretion systems (T2SE), results in a mutant (T2SEΩ) that adheres to the growth tube in contrast to the planktonic phenotype of the WT strain (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently demonstrated that the constitutive planktonic growth of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 under standard laboratory conditions is due to a self-suppression mechanism that relies on secreted inhibitor(s)33. Here, we identify genes that enable biofilm development and provide evidence for the extracellular presence of four gene products denoted EbfG1-4 ( e nable b iofilm f ormation possessing a double- g lycine motif).…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Small secreted proteins enable biofilm development in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus

Parnasa

Nagar

Sendersky

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Small proteins characterized by a double-glycine (GG) secretion motif, typical of secreted bacterial antibiotics, are encoded by the genomes of diverse cyanobacteria, but their functions have not been investigated to date. Using a biofilm-forming mutant of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 and a mutational approach, we demonstrate the involvement of four small secreted proteins and their GG-secretion motifs in biofilm development. These proteins are denoted EbfG1-4 (enable biofilm formation with a GG-motif). Furthermore, the conserved cysteine of the peptidase domain of the Synpcc7942_1133 gene product (dubbed PteB for peptidase transporter essential for biofilm) is crucial for biofilm development and is required for efficient secretion of the GG-motif containing proteins. Transcriptional profiling of ebfG1-4 indicated elevated transcript levels in the biofilm-forming mutant compared to wild type (WT). However, these transcripts decreased, acutely but transiently, when the mutant was cultured in extracellular fluids from a WT culture, and biofilm formation was inhibited. We propose that WT cells secrete inhibitor(s) that suppress transcription of ebfG1-4, whereas secretion of the inhibitor(s) is impaired in the biofilm-forming mutant, leading to synthesis and secretion of EbfG1-4 and supporting the formation of biofilms.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Small secreted proteins enable biofilm development in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus

Parnasa

Nagar

Sendersky

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compared with heterotrophic bacteria, there is little information about biofilm formation in cyanobacteria (Parnasa et al, 2016). However, recent studies have shown that Synechocystis and Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 also exhibit variations in gene expression pattern when grown on a solid surface or in liquid (Nakasugi and Neilan, 2005;Schatz et al, 2013;Agostoni et al, 2016). Interestingly, the Synechocystis strain used in this study, which is not identified as Glc tolerant, grew well in liquid BG11 supplemented with Glc concentrations from 0.2 to 20 mM (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Is Stationary Phase Reached Because Of Metabolic/ Nutrient Lmentioning

confidence: 81%

A Novel Mechanism, Linked to Cell Density, Largely Controls Cell Division in Synechocystis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ORCID IDs: 0000-0001-7618-4748 (M.I.); 0000-0001-8931-7722 (T.O.); 0000-0002-6113-9570 (R.S.).Many studies have investigated the various genetic and environmental factors regulating cyanobacterial growth. Here, we investigated the growth and metabolism of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under different nitrogen sources, light intensities, and CO 2 concentrations. Cells grown on urea showed the highest growth rates. However, for all conditions tested, the daily growth rates in batch cultures decreased steadily over time, and stationary phase was obtained with similar cell densities. Unexpectedly, metabolic and physiological analyses showed that growth rates during log phase were not controlled primarily by the availability of photoassimilates. Further physiological investigations indicated that nutrient limitation, quorum sensing, light quality, and light intensity (self-shading) were not the main factors responsible for the decrease in the growth rate and the onset of the stationary phase. Moreover, cell division rates in fed-batch cultures were positively correlated with the dilution rates. Hence, not only light, CO 2 , and nutrients can affect growth but also a cell-cell interaction. Accordingly, we propose that cell-cell interaction may be a factor responsible for the gradual decrease of growth rates in batch cultures during log phase, culminating with the onset of stationary phase.

show abstract

“…In the case of Chlamydia trachomatis, one of these genes has been linked to protein secretion (20), suggesting that there may be different subclasses of T2S that deviate from the canonical system present in the Proteobacteria. In Synechococcus elongatus belonging to the Cyanobacteria, a T2S E-like gene has been linked to protein secretion; however, this gene may be encoding a component of a type IV pilus rather than a T2S apparatus (19,23). So far, genome database analyses have failed to reveal any evidence for potential T2S systems in Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Fusobacteria, or Verrucomicrobia (10,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expanding Role of Type II Secretion in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Beyond

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Type II secretion (T2S) is one means by which Gram-negative pathogens secrete proteins into the extracellular milieu and/or host organisms. Based upon recent genome sequencing, it is clear that T2S is largely restricted to the Proteobacteria, occurring in many, but not all, genera in the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria classes. Prominent human and/or animal pathogens that express a T2S system(s) include Acinetobacter baumannii, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Chlamydia trachomatis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Legionella pneumophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Vibrio cholerae, and Yersinia enterocolitica. T2S-expressing plant pathogens include Dickeya dadantii, Erwinia amylovora, Pectobacterium carotovorum, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas campestris, Xanthomonas oryzae, and Xylella fastidiosa. T2S also occurs in nonpathogenic bacteria, facilitating symbioses, among other things. The output of a T2S system can range from only one to dozens of secreted proteins, encompassing a diverse array of toxins, degradative enzymes, and other effectors, including novel proteins. Pathogenic processes mediated by T2S include the death of host cells, degradation of tissue, suppression of innate immunity, adherence to host surfaces, biofilm formation, invasion into and growth within host cells, nutrient assimilation, and alterations in host ion flux. The reach of T2S is perhaps best illustrated by those bacteria that clearly use it for both environmental survival and virulence; e.g., L. pneumophila employs T2S for infection of amoebae, growth within lung cells, dampening of cytokines, and tissue destruction. This minireview provides an update on the types of bacteria that have T2S, the kinds of proteins that are secreted via T2S, and how T2S substrates promote infection.KEYWORDS Legionella, T2S, type II secretion, Vibrio, animal pathogens, degradative enzymes, human pathogens, plant pathogens, toxins S ecreted proteins have a major role in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections, including important diseases of humans, animals, and plants. In the case of Gramnegative bacteria, there are seven secretion systems (types I, II, III, IV, V, VI, and IX) that mediate the export of "effector" proteins out of the bacterial cell and into the extracellular milieu or into target host cells (1-3). Type II secretion (T2S) was the first such system to be defined, based upon work done in the mid-1980s on pullulanase secretion by Klebsiella oxytoca (4). Further insight into T2S was then gained from the examination of Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio, and a few additional members of the gammaproteobacteria (5, 6). Thus, T2S is considered a two-step process; i.e., proteins to be secreted are first carried across the inner membrane (IM) and into the periplasm by the Sec translocon (7) or Tat pathway (8) and then, after folding into a tertiary conformation (and in some instances, undergoing oligomerization), are transported across the outer membrane (...

show abstract

Self‐suppression of biofilm formation in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus

Cited by 66 publications

References 52 publications

Small secreted proteins enable biofilm development in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus

Small secreted proteins enable biofilm development in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus

A Novel Mechanism, Linked to Cell Density, Largely Controls Cell Division in Synechocystis

Expanding Role of Type II Secretion in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Beyond

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About