Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization and Its Application

Abstract

<jats:p>An effective, value-added use of the large amounts of olefinic compounds produced in the processing of petroleum, aside from ethylene and propylene, has been a long outstanding challenge. Here, we developed a novel heterogeneous polymerization method, beyond emulsion/dispersion/suspension, termed self-stabilized precipitation (2SP) polymerization, which involves the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles (NPs) of a well-defined size without the use of any stabilizers and multifunctional monomers (crosslinker). This technique leads to two revolutionary advances: (1) the generation of functional copolymer particles from single olefinic monomer or complex olefinic mixtures (including C4/C5/C9 fractions) in large quantities, which open a new way to transform huge amount of unused olefinic compounds in C4/C5/C9 fractions into valuable copolymers, and (2) the resultant polymeric NPs possess a self-limiting size and narrow size distribution, therefore being one of the most simple, efficient, and green strategies to produce uniform, size-tunable, and functional polymeric nanoparticles. More importantly, the separation of the NPs from the reaction medium is simple and the supernatant liquid can be reused; hence this new synthetic strategy has great potential for industrial production.</jats:p>

Phototaxis Motion Behavior of a Self‐propelled Submarine‐like Water Droplet Robot in Oil Solvent

“…As can be seen from the aforementioned literature review, the current studies mainly focus on oil droplets in water phase, while the study of water droplets in oil phase is not reported. However, in many engineering fields, especially oil production, oil‐water separation, and oil pollution treatment fields, the motion behavior of water droplets in oil field is more desirable [48–50] . The objective of this work is to fill this gap by finding a smart water droplet micro robot which can go deep into cracks and propel the residual oil out of reservoir.…”

Self-stabilized precipitation polymerization: principle, method and application

“…2SP聚合过程中粒子成核-增长过程与常规乳液/ 悬浮/分散聚合存在显著差异, Liu等 [21] 基于热力学及 聚合动力学分析, 并借鉴溶液中小分子结晶过程, 提 出了一种新的成核及增长机理, 如图2所示.…”

“…图 3 2SP聚合过程中微球粒径的自限制和活性增长. (a) 单 位体积样品中PMS粒子数N t 和单个微球中PMS分子链数ξ t 随 反应时间变化曲线; (b) PMS微球体积和粒径分布(PSD)随产 率变化曲线 [21] (网络版彩图) 极大地限制了其实际应用. 陈宇等 [41] 以丁酮/正庚烷 [21] (网络版彩图) Figure 4 Characterizations of the polymer particles produced by 2SP polymerizations.…”

“…(a) 单 位体积样品中PMS粒子数N t 和单个微球中PMS分子链数ξ t 随 反应时间变化曲线; (b) PMS微球体积和粒径分布(PSD)随产 率变化曲线 [21] (网络版彩图) 极大地限制了其实际应用. 陈宇等 [41] 以丁酮/正庚烷 [21] (网络版彩图) Figure 4 Characterizations of the polymer particles produced by 2SP polymerizations. SEM images of the nanoparticles produced by 2SP polymerizations: 1-butene (BT), isoprene (IP), cyclopentadiene (CPD), dicyclopentadiene (DCPD), C5 and C9 fractions [21] (color online).…”

In Situ Investigation of Dynamic Silver Crystallization Driven by Chemical Reaction and Diffusion

“…It is a long-term research interest of scientists and engineers to synthesize material structures rationally due to different structured materials having different properties and applications [1,2]. Great efforts have been devoted to disclose the formation mechanism of material structures and to develop routes for the rational synthesis [3][4][5].…”