Self-Stabilized 50 Gb/s Silicon Photonic Microring Modulator Using a Power-Independent and Calibration-Free Control Loop

Grimaldi, Vittorio; Zanetto, Francesco; Toso, Fabio; Roumpos, Ioannis; Chrysostomidis, Themistoklis; Perino, Alessandro; Petrini, Matteo; Morichetti, Francesco; Melloni, Andrea; Pleros, Nikos; Moralis-Pegios, Miltiadis; Vyrsokinos, K.; Ferrari, Giorgio; Sampietro, Marco

doi:10.1109/jlt.2022.3210756

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 31 publications

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“…In Ref. 19, the information of the second derivative of the MRM transfer function in a specific working point is extracted using a dithering technique and is used to lock at the point of maximum slope of the transfer function using a controller. This work is structured as follows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control approaches for operating point stabilization of microring resonator modulators under fast perturbations

Cherian,

Michalka,

Murray

et al. 2024

Silicon Photonics XIX

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This paper presents the design of two different control approaches for stabilizing the operating point of a microring resonator modulator (MRM) when fast disturbances occur. These arise in particular when the properties of the high-frequency modulation signal change due to the rapid electrical and optical self-heating effects. The challenge lies in the relatively slow dynamics of the heater used as an actuator and the significant limitation of the input. The first approach involves the design of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) suitable for a system like MRM. MPC enables a wide operating range by considering the non-linearities of the system. It can operate in both the stable and unstable regions while accounting for constraints on the control input and states of the system. A drawback for real-time implementation, especially in the case of a fast system like the MRM, is that the computational effort is relatively high in each time step due to the included optimization of the control input over a prediction horizon. On one hand, MPC can function as a benchmark design to showcase achievable control quality in simulation, despite its relatively high computational cost. On the other hand, employing a low-order approximation of the dynamic MRM model allows for offline pre-computation of the MPC internal optimization, thereby significantly reducing the online computational effort. The second approach proposes a computationally efficient PID control with two modes. The first mode is designed for normal operation of the PID controller in a region close to the operating point, while the second mode facilitates returning the system back to the operating point (where the PID controller can be restarted) from outside this region, achieved by applying a feedforward control. The system's state variable, ring temperature, determines the operating regions and the corresponding mode selection. To address the challenge of unknown temperature, an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) is designed to estimate the temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control approaches for operating point stabilization of microring resonator modulators under fast perturbations

Cherian,

Michalka,

Murray

et al. 2024

Silicon Photonics XIX

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Contactless integrated photonic probes: fundamentals, characteristics, and applications

Wu,

Wan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Front. Optoelectron.

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On-chip optical power monitors are indispensable for functional implementation and stabilization of large-scale and complex photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Traditional on-chip optical monitoring is implemented by tapping a small portion of optical power from the waveguide, which leads to significant loss. Due to its advantages like non-invasive nature, miniaturization, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process compatibility, a transparent monitor named the contactless integrated photonic probe (CLIPP), has been attracting great attention in recent years. The CLIPP indirectly monitors the optical power in the waveguide by detecting the conductance variation of the local optical waveguide caused by the surface state absorption (SSA) effect. In this review, we first introduce the fundamentals of the CLIPP including the concept, the equivalent electric model and the impedance read-out method, and then summarize some characteristics of the CLIPP. Finally, the functional applications of the CLIPP on the identification and feedback control of optical signal are discussed, followed by a brief outlook on the prospects of the CLIPP. Graphical Abstract

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Low-latency passive thermal desensitization of a silicon micro-ring resonator with self-heating

Lederman,

Bilodeau,

Doris

et al. 2024

APL Photonics

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Analog photonic information processing can be implemented with low chip area using wavelength-division multiplexed systems, which typically manipulate light using micro-ring resonators. Micro-rings are uniquely susceptible to thermal crosstalk, with negative system performance consequences if not addressed. Existing thermal sensitivity mitigation methods face drawbacks including high complexity, high latency, high digital and analog hardware requirements, and CMOS incompatibility. Here, we demonstrate a passive thermal desensitization mechanism for silicon micro-ring resonators exploiting self-heating resulting from optical absorption. We achieve a 49% reduction in thermal crosstalk sensitivity and 1 µs adaptation latency using a system with no specialized micro-ring engineering, no additional control hardware, and no additional calibration. Our theoretical model indicates the potential for significant further desensitization gains with optimized micro-ring designs. Self-heating desensitization can be combined with active thermal stabilization to achieve both responsiveness and accuracy or applied independently to thermally desensitize large photonic systems for signal processing or neural network inference.

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Self-Stabilized 50 Gb/s Silicon Photonic Microring Modulator Using a Power-Independent and Calibration-Free Control Loop

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

Control approaches for operating point stabilization of microring resonator modulators under fast perturbations

Control approaches for operating point stabilization of microring resonator modulators under fast perturbations

Contactless integrated photonic probes: fundamentals, characteristics, and applications

Low-latency passive thermal desensitization of a silicon micro-ring resonator with self-heating

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