Self-sorted photoconductive xerogels

Draper, Emily R.; Lee, Jonathan R.; Wallace, Matthew; Jäckel, Frank; Cowan, Alexander J.; Adams, Dave J.

doi:10.1039/c6sc02644c

Cited by 69 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This is because information about self‐assembly, leading to secondary structures, lies in the molecular structure; usually molecules that can interact based on noncovalent forces, such as hydrogen bonds, ionic interactions, and van der Waals forces. Intelligent design and use of different molecular structures can allow self‐assembled systems with compatible or incompatible functional groups, which can be spatially separated or placed nearby, depending on requirements . Self‐assembly of amphiphilic molecules with covalently appended catalytic moieties may result in the formation of hydrophobic pockets, which makes the recognition and approach of hydrophobic substrates easier in the vicinity of active sites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition versus Cooperation in Catalytic Hydrogelators for anti‐Selective Mannich Reaction

Singh

Escuder

2017

Chemistry A European J

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Registro de acceso restringido Este recurso no está disponible en acceso abierto por política de la editorial. No obstante, se puede acceder al texto completo desde la Universitat Jaume I o si el usuario cuenta con suscripción. Registre d'accés restringit Aquest recurs no està disponible en accés obert per política de l'editorial. No obstant això, es pot accedir al text complet des de la Universitat Jaume I o si l'usuari compta amb subscripció. Restricted access item This item isn't open access because of publisher's policy. The full--text version is only available from Jaume I University or if the user has a running suscription to the publisher's contents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition versus Cooperation in Catalytic Hydrogelators for anti‐Selective Mannich Reaction

Singh

Escuder

2017

Chemistry A European J

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“…97 Here, we note that in many cases, self-sorting is difficult to prove by microscopy. Although there are some systems where the two individual gelators happen to form self-assembled structures with sufficiently different diameters that microscopy can be used to show that there are two distinct populations, 99,100 in other cases, the structures formed are too similar to distinguish.…”

Section: Multicomponent Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…97,98,[100][101][102] It seems that the self-sorting is essentially pre-programmed into the system on the basis of the differences in the chemical structures.…”

Section: Multicomponent Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Molecular-Weight Gels: The State of the Art

Draper

Adams

2017

Chem

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517

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Low-molecular-weight gels are currently a hugely important class of materials that are attracting significant interest. These gels are formed when small molecules self-assemble into one-dimensional structures that entangle and cross-link to form a network that is capable of immobilizing the solvent. Here, we critically discuss the current state of the art and highlight two key areas where we believe there is significant untapped potential. The first is the observation that the properties of the gels are highly process dependent, which means that it is possible to access materials with very different properties from a single gelator. Second, using multiple gelators offers the opportunity to prepare materials with a high degree of information content and with a wider range of properties. We aim to spark thought and discussion on these aspects. INTRODUCTIONLow-molecular-weight gels (LMWGs), or supramolecular gels, are a fascinating and useful class of material. The gels arise from the self-assembly of small molecules into long, anisotropic structures, most commonly fibers. [1][2][3][4][5] At a sufficiently high concentration, these fibers entangle or otherwise form cross-links, leading to the network that is able to immobilize the solvent through surface tension and capillary forces. 1,2 These gels differ from permanently covalently cross-linked polymer gels because the cross-linking can be reversed by the input of energy, for example, by heating. 6 LMWGs have been around for many years but are receiving considerable current interest. 4 They are also used in industrial products, 7 although this seems rarely discussed in the academic literature.In addition to the industrial applications, many recent advances and uses are being described. [8][9][10][11][12] The specific self-assembly leading to gel formation can be exploited. For example, the fiber formation is a result of molecular stacking, meaning that the self-assembly leads to aggregates that can be suitable for optoelectronic applications. 13,14 The ready reversibility of gelation can be exploited, for example, to release cells from gels on demand in a manner that does not lead to cell death. 15 Ready gel formation by a simple trigger can also be used to allow easy and efficient gel loading. [16][17][18] Unsurprisingly, therefore, there is significant interest in these materials ( Figure 1). This is a fascinating area and in many ways holds attention because of the difficulties in probing and understanding the gels. The gels arise from assembly across many length scales, and understanding all of these is difficult. At the molecular level, the molecules must interact in a manner that leads to the formation of suitable aggregates that can eventually entangle. Thus, one-dimensional growth must be favored. From this perspective, it is very frustrating that it is often extremely difficult to predict whether a molecule will form a gel or not; indeed, gelation has been described as an empirical science. 4 Structurally similar small molecules can exhibitThe Bigger Pict...

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“…Upon shining light (365 nm), trans‐ to ‐cis isomerization of 41 occurred whereas 42 remained intact which could be probed by the change in the viscoelastic properties and morphology. Subsequently, they examined the self‐sorting of various structurally similar naphthalene hydrogelators containing peptide functional group . They also reported the pH triggered self‐sorting of peryelene diimide (n‐type) and stilbene (p‐type) based hydrogelators (Figure ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Subsequently, they examined the self-sorting of various structurally similar naphthalene hydrogelators containing peptide functional group. [65] They also reported the pH triggered self-sorting of peryelene diimide (ntype) and stilbene (p-type) based hydrogelators ( Figure 19). [66] As a result of difference in the peptide moiety, the pka of the hydrogelators 43 and 44 was 5.9 and 5.1, respectively.…”

Section: Macroscopic Picturementioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Sorting in Supramolecular Assembly of π‐Systems

Kar

Ghosh

2019

Israel Journal of Chemistry

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Self‐sorting is a term, which broadly identifies sorting out the individual components within a mixture, which is ubiquitous in Nature. In the recent past such self‐sorting phenomenon has been studied with great interest in supramolecular assembly of wide‐ranging building blocks. In this article, we particularly highlight the examples related to self‐sorting in co‐assembly of donor and acceptor type chromophoric systems. Supramolecular design principles based on immiscibility of chromophore appended chains, π‐surface mismatch, H‐bonding, chirality and others have been discussed in length. Examples correlating molecular assembly features with macroscopic picture have also been discussed particularly in context of implications in organic electronic applications of self‐sorted donor acceptor assemblies.

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Self-sorted photoconductive xerogels

Abstract: Self-sorting between n-type and p-type gelators results in effective visible-active photoconductive xerogels.

Cited by 69 publications

References 58 publications

Competition versus Cooperation in Catalytic Hydrogelators for anti‐Selective Mannich Reaction

Competition versus Cooperation in Catalytic Hydrogelators for anti‐Selective Mannich Reaction

Low-Molecular-Weight Gels: The State of the Art

Self‐Sorting in Supramolecular Assembly of π‐Systems

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