Self-Seeding Growth for Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Stability

Wang, Shirong; Xiao, Chuanxiao; Chen, Xihan; Larson, Bryon W.; Harvey, Steven P.; Berry, Joseph J.; Zhu, Kai

doi:10.1016/j.joule.2019.03.023

Cited by 124 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Therefore, a variety of researches on optimizing the morphology of perovskite films have been proposed. For instance, one or two‐step sequential spin‐coating deposition,11–13 gas blow‐assisted preparation,14 vacuum flash‐assisted solution process,15 chemical vapor‐assisted solution process,16 solution‐processed secondary growth,17 as well as antisolvent assisted crystallization 18–21. Among which, the antisolvent approach has turned out to become the mainstream for preparing high‐quality perovskite films through tuning the nucleation and crystal growth because of its low cost and facile operation.…”

Section: Photovoltaic Performance Of Champion Pscs Based On Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nontoxic Bifunctional (Anti)Solvent as Digestive‐Ripening Agent for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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The preparation of high‐quality perovskite films is important for achieving high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The effective balance between solvent and antisolvent is an essential factor for regulating high‐quality perovskite film during the spin‐coating and thermal‐annealing steps. In this work, a greener, nonhalogenated, nontoxic bifunctional (anti)solvent, methyl benzoate (MB), is developed not only as an antisolvent to rapidly generate crystal seeds at the perovskite spin‐coating step, but also as a digestive‐ripening solvent for the perovskite precursors, which can prevent the loss of organic components during the thermal‐annealing stage and effectively suppress the formation of miscellaneous lead halide phases. As a result, this novel bifunctional (anti)solvent is employed in planar n–i–p PSCs for engineering high‐quality perovskite layers and thus achieving a power conversion efficiency up to 22.37% with negligible hysteresis and >1300 h stability. Moreover, due to the high boiling point and low‐volatility characteristic of MB, high‐performance PSCs are achieved reproducibly at different operating temperatures (22–34 °C). Therefore, this developed bifunctional solvent system can provide a promising platform toward globally upscaling and commercializing PSCs in all seasons and regions.

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Section: Photovoltaic Performance Of Champion Pscs Based On Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nontoxic Bifunctional (Anti)Solvent as Digestive‐Ripening Agent for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2020

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“…We also carried out the space‐charge‐limited current (SCLC) measurement of the two perovskite films, and Figure S7, Supporting Information, shows the corresponding current–voltage ( I – V ) characteristics. The trap‐state density ( N t ) is calculated by the trap‐filled‐limit voltage equation according to a previous report . The electron trap density of 0.75%‐F5PEA perovskite film (≈6.3 × 10 15 cm −3 , respectively) is lower than that of 1%‐PEA perovskite film (≈7.6 × 10 15 cm −3 ), which is consistent with the TRMC and TRPL results as well as the higher V oc and FF in solar cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Charge Transport of 2D Perovskite Passivation Agent for Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Beyond 21%

Tong

et al. 2020

Solar RRL

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The replacement of a small amount of organic cations with bulkier organic spacer cations in the perovskite precursor solution to form a 2D perovskite passivation agent (2D‐PPA) in 3D perovskite thin films has recently become a promising strategy for developing perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with long‐term stability and high efficiency. However, the long, bulky organic cations often form a barrier, hindering charge transport. Herein, for the first time, 2D‐PPA engineering based on wide‐bandgap (≈1.68 eV) perovskites are reported. Pentafluorophenethylammonium (F5PEA+) is introduced to partially replace phenylethylammonium (PEA+) as the 2D‐PPA, forming a strong noncovalent interaction between the two bulky cations. The charge transport across and within the planes of pure 2D perovskites, based on mixed ammoniums, increases by a factor of five and three compared with that of mono‐cation 2D perovskites, respectively. The perovskite films based on mixed‐ammonium (F5PEA+‐PEA+) 2D‐PPA exhibit similar surface morphology and crystal structure, but longer carrier lifetime, lower exciton binding energy, less trap density and higher conductivity, in comparison with those using mono‐cation (PEA+) 2D‐PPA. The performance of PSCs based on mixed‐cation 2D‐PPA is enhanced from 19.58% to 21.10% along with improved stability, which is the highest performance for reported wide‐bandgap PSCs.

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“…With the intensification of the energy crisis, solar energy is being regarded as a potentially inexhaustible energy source . Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received widespread attention over the past few years for their excellent characteristics, such as high absorption coefficients, long diffusion lengths, broad spectral absorption ranges, and high charge carrier mobilities .…”

Section: Photophysical Electrochemical Data and Thermal Characterismentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of 9‐(4‐methoxyphenyl) Carbazole and Benzodithiophene Cores on Performance and Stability for Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Dopant‐Free Hole‐Transporting Materials

Qiu

Liu

et al. 2019

Solar RRL

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) possess both high-power conversion efficiency (PCE) and good operation stability for future application. Although many different types of hole-transporting materials (HTMs) are assessed, few dopant-free small organic molecule HTMs-based PSC cells exist, which exhibit excellent stability under both heat and illumination. Herein, two novel HTMs that are based on 9-(4-methoxyphenyl) carbazole and benzodithiophene cores are synthesized and named N1,N1 0 -(9-(4-methoxyphenyl)-9H-carbazole-3,6-diyl)bis(N1-(4-(bis (4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)-N4,N4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)benzene-1,4diamine) (PhCz-4MeOTPA) and N1,N1 0 -(benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b 0 ]dithiophene-2,6-diyl) bis(N1-(4-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)phenyl)-N4,N4-bis(4-methixyphenyl) benzene-1,4-diamine) (BDT-4MeOTPA). Of the two HTMs, PhCz-4MeOTPA possesses a lower level of planarity than that of BDT-4MeOTPA, which inhibits molecular stacking to improve film quality and increases hole-transport mobility and charge transport. A PCE of 16.04% is achieved with the application of dopantfree PhCz-4MeOTPA in PSCs, which is higher than that of dopant-free BDT-4MeOTPA. The unencapsulated PSC devices based on PhCz-4MeOTPA maintain 82% of their initial values under continuous sun illumination in an ambient environment at 40-45 C after 672 h and 92% of their initial values at 80 C in an ambient environment after 1200 h in the dark.With the intensification of the energy crisis, solar energy is being regarded as a potentially inexhaustible energy source. [1] Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received widespread attention over the past few years for their excellent characteristics, [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] such as high absorption coefficients, long diffusion lengths, broad spectral absorption ranges, and high charge carrier mobilities. [9][10][11] The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has already increased from 3.8% [12] in 2009 to 23.7% [13] in 2018.In PSC cells, small organic holetransporting materials (HTMs) play a critical role in extracting holes from the perovskite layer, transporting these holes to the counter electrode, and preventing internal charge recombination, thereby improving the PSC efficiency. Among the different available HTMs, the triarylamine-based HTM 2,2 0 ,7,7 0 -tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9 0 -spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) is regarded as the most promising HTM because of its impressive efficiency. [14][15][16][17] Whereas a high PCE can only be achieved by doping additives, such as lithium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide (Li-TFSI) and 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP), [18][19][20][21] this dopant compromises the stability of PSC cells. [22] Furthermore, Spiro-OMeTAD has some disadvantages, such as low stability under heat stress resulting from crystallization, a complex synthesis route, and cumbersome purification procedures, [14,23] all of which hinder its industrial application. Although numerous doped HTMs exhibit comparable efficiencies to that of Spiro-OMeTAD, [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] their sta...

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Self-Seeding Growth for Perovskite Solar Cells with Enhanced Stability

Cited by 124 publications

References 52 publications

A Nontoxic Bifunctional (Anti)Solvent as Digestive‐Ripening Agent for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

A Nontoxic Bifunctional (Anti)Solvent as Digestive‐Ripening Agent for High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Enhancing Charge Transport of 2D Perovskite Passivation Agent for Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells Beyond 21%

Impact of 9‐(4‐methoxyphenyl) Carbazole and Benzodithiophene Cores on Performance and Stability for Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Dopant‐Free Hole‐Transporting Materials

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