Self reported risk taking and risk compensation in skiers and snowboarders are associated with sensation seeking

Ruedl, Gerhard; Abart, Markus; Ledochowski, Larissa; Burtscher, Martin; Kopp, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2012.01.031

Cited by 79 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The main finding is that "risk-taking behavior and ski helmet use seem not to be associated with accident causes leading to an injury among recreational skiers and snowboarders." [37][38][39].…”

Section: Ski and Snowboard Helmetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Compensation: Revisited and Rebutted

Pless

2016

Safety

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This Commentary addresses the ongoing disagreements between many safety advocates who endorse traditional models of prevention and those who oppose them, arguing that safety measures are offset by risk compensation (RCT). The debate is especially heated with respect to regulatory or legislative prevention measures. After explaining the rationale behind risk compensation (aka risk homeostasis theory) (RHT), I provide examples of RCT studies to explain why I believe they should be rejected. The main basis for my rebuttal, however, rests on data that show steady declines in unintentional injury mortality, which, according to RCT, should not have occurred. There are many other reasons for rejecting this theory, and it seems that the time has come for the debate to finally be concluded.

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Section: Ski and Snowboard Helmetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Compensation: Revisited and Rebutted

Pless

2016

Safety

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“…Age, sex, height, weight, self-reported skill level according to Sulheim et al 15 and self-reported risk taking behaviour (more risky vs more cautious) according to Ruedl et al ,16 gear origin (own, ski shop rental, borrowed from family or friends), ski length, date of last professional binding adjustment in a ski shop (this season, last season and older), the own perceived speed at the moment of injury (very fast, fast, moderate, slow, very slow), type of fall, and failure of binding release of the ski of the injured knee were collected by a paper and pencil questionnaire in the ski clinic within 2 days after injury with a physician present.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with self-reported failure of binding release among ACL injured male and female recreational skiers: a catalyst to change ISO binding standards?

et al. 2015

Self Cite

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“…The increase in concussion rates raises concern that those wearing helmets are overestimating the protective capacity of the helmet and are taking greater risks with speed and/or jump-height than those not wearing a helmet. More research is needed on risktaking behaviours [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Zealand Snow Sports Injury Trends Over Five Winter Seasons 2010–2014

Costa-Scorse

Hopkins

Cronin

et al. 2017

Snow Sports Trauma and Safety

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Ski patrol national incident data were analysed in New Zealand for alpine skiing and snowboarding injuries from 4 June 2010 to 9 November 2014. Over five winter seasons, there were 5,861,643 visitations and 18,382 incidents. The injury rate per 1000 skier/boarder days was relatively constant (3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 2.7, and 3.1, respectively). Falls accounted for the injury mechanism in 74.3% of all injuries. Four died after catastrophic falls (two skiing, two snowboarding). Overall, more knee injuries occurred skiing in soft snow conditions than hard (55 vs. 45%). Advanced skiers were 2.2 times more likely to sustain a knee injury with nonrelease of the ski-binding in hard snow surface conditions than when the ski-binding released. Despite increased helmet usage (42-83%), there was a very likely increase in concussion (1.29, 99% CI 1.06-1.57). Hard snow conditions increased wrist injuries for both intermediate and novice snowboarders (30 and 12%, respectively). Wrist protection was most likely to be beneficial in preventing wrist injuries (hazard ratio 0.65, 99% CI O.54-0.79). Good visibility compared to poor visibility led to a twofold increase in injuries. Increased slope congestion, changes in direction to avoid collision with others and speed were possible contributing factors. Collisions accounted for 9.6% of all injuries. Going forward New Zealand injury prevention initiatives need to be multifaceted. Recreational skiers need to ski on torque-tested equipment with release settings that are a match for current physical parameters, style, and the ability to ski in different snow surface conditions. Further research is

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Self reported risk taking and risk compensation in skiers and snowboarders are associated with sensation seeking

Cited by 79 publications

References 26 publications

Risk Compensation: Revisited and Rebutted

Risk Compensation: Revisited and Rebutted

Factors associated with self-reported failure of binding release among ACL injured male and female recreational skiers: a catalyst to change ISO binding standards?

New Zealand Snow Sports Injury Trends Over Five Winter Seasons 2010–2014

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