Self-reported prospective memory after stroke

Abstract

Prospective Memory (PM) is the memory for completing future intentions. This study aimed to compare self-reported PM of individuals with stroke to healthy controls, to determine if PM is impaired after stroke. Additionally, self-reported PM for individuals with stroke was compared to significant-other reports, ascertaining a level of self-awareness of PM function. Twenty-eight individuals with stroke, 25 significant-others, and 27 healthy controls completed the Brief Assessment of PM (BAPM) and the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ) as part of a larger study. Individuals with stroke reported significantly more Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) PM failures compared to controls on Part A of the BAPM. On Part B, individuals with stroke reported BADL PM failures to be less problematic/important than controls, suggesting a lack of self-awareness into the consequences of PM failure. Individuals with stroke also reported significantly more PM and RM failures compared to controls on the PRMQ. No significant differences were found between individuals with stroke and their significant-others on both the BAPM and PRMQ. Results of this study helped to clarify the previous research and highlighted that individuals with stroke reported more PM failures than controls but underestimated the importance of such memory lapses.

Daily Affect and Daily Prospective Memory in People after Stroke and Their Partners: The Moderating Role of Resting Heart Rate

“…It is important to note that only participants who could complete the ambulatory prospective memory tasks were included in our analyses. Completing ambulatory prospective memory tasks repeatedly in everyday life might be more demanding than one-time self-reports of prospective memory impairment or one-time in-laboratory prospective memory assessments used in previous studies pointing to poststroke prospective memory impairment [31, 32, 34]. Relatedly, by virtue of recruiting a community sample, our study excluded individuals living with the effects of a severe stroke and it included individuals with stroke histories of varying length ( M = 3.5 years, SD = 3.6, Range = 0.2–19.0 years).…”

“…Over 14 days, participants reported daily affect, completed event-based prospective memory tasks, and wore a Fitbit for monitoring RHR. Existing research shows that stroke can influence prospective memory performance, based on one-time self-reported prospective memory failure [31] and one-time in-laboratory prospective memory assessments [32], including recent studies using virtual reality technology to improve recognized limits of laboratory tasks’ ecological validity [33, 34]. These prior studies are limited to one-time assessments; by definition, they cannot speak to systematic within-person (WP) co-variations in naturally occurring affect and prospective memory performance that can be captured by repeated daily life assessments, such as in this study.…”

Subjective memory measures: metamemory questionnaires currently in use

“…A different questionnaire, the Brief Assessment of Prospective Memory, a shortened version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Prospective Memory, was created for use with traumatic brain injury patients but has been expanded for use with stroke patients as well (Hogan et al, 2021;Man et al, 2011Man et al, , 2015. In a broader scope, the Evaluation of Everyday Memory Questionnaire was created to capture everyday memory instances of acquired brain injury patients and includes a companion version (Tropp et al, 2015).…”

“…To examine the frequency of retrospective and prospective memory errors of Alzheimer's patients, their carers, and healthy adults, Smith et al (2000) developed the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). The PRMQ is used to examine relationship between subjective evaluation and objective performance and prospective and retrospective memory ability across patient populations (Hogan et al, 2021;Kliegel & Jäger, 2006;…”