Self-reported parkinsonian symptoms in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Ishihara, Lianna; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Luben, Robert; Bingham, Sheila; Day, Nicholas E.; Brayne, Carol

doi:10.1186/1471-2377-5-15

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it was comparable to the UK national population with respect to many characteristics, such as age, sex, anthropometry, lipids and blood pressure but with a lower proportion of current smokers. 2021 The population was ethnically homogeneous with 99.5% being white Caucasians. We conducted the first follow-up (postal questionnaire) 18 months after baseline (15081 participants responded), the second follow-up (clinical health check) approximately 3 years after baseline (15678 participants responded) and the last follow-up (postal questionnaire) 10 years after baseline (17585 participants responded).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of weight gain predicts change in physical activity levels: a longitudinal analysis of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To investigate the relationship of body weight and its changes over time with physical activity.Design-Population-based prospective cohort study (Norfolk cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, EPIC-Norfolk, United Kingdom) Subjects-25639 men and women aged 39-79 years at baseline. Physical activity was selfreported. Weight and height were measured by standard clinical procedures at baseline and selfreported at 18-month and 10-y follow-ups (calibrated against clinical measures). Main outcome measure was physical activity at the 10-y follow-upResults-Body weight and physical activity were inversely associated in cross-sectional analyses. In longitudinal analyses, an increase in weight was associated with higher risk of being inactive 10 years later, after adjusting for baseline activity, 18-month activity, sex, baseline age, prevalent diseases, socioeconomic status, education, smoking, total daily energy intake, and alcohol intake. Compared with stable weight, a gain in weight of >2 kg/y during short-, mediumand long-term was consistently and significantly associated with greater likelihood of physical inactivity after 10 y, with the most pronounced effect for long-term weight gain, OR=1.89 (95% CI: 1.30-2.70) in fully adjusted analysis. Weight gain of 0.5-2 kg/y over long term was substantially associated with physical inactivity after full adjustment, OR=1.26 (95% CI: 1.11-1.41).Conclusion-Weight gain (during short-, medium-and long-term) is a significant determinant of future physical inactivity independent of baseline weight and activity. Compared with maintaining weight, moderate (0.5-2 kg/y) and large weight gain (>2 kg/y) significantly predict future inactivity; a potentially vicious cycle including further weight gain, obesity and complications associated with a sedentary lifestyle. Based on current predictions of obesity trends, we estimate that the prevalence of inactivity in England would exceed 60% in year 2020.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of weight gain predicts change in physical activity levels: a longitudinal analysis of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A reduction in letter size is fairly simple to detect with paper‐and‐pen tools. Although several studies have reported the presence of micrographia in PD, the exact prevalence of micrographia in PD is not clear and may range from 9% to 60% of patients with PD …”

Section: Spectrum Of Handwriting Abnormalities In Pdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handwriting Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Directions

Thomas

Lenka

Pal

2017

Movement Disord Clin Pract

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The majority of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have handwriting abnormalities. Micrographia (abnormally small letter size) is the most commonly reported and easily detectable handwriting abnormality in patients with PD. However, micrographia is perhaps the tip of the iceberg representing the handwriting abnormalities in PD. Digitizing tablet technology, which has evolved over the last 2 decades, has made it possible to study the pressure and kinematic features of handwriting. This has resulted in a surge of studies investigating graphomotor impairment in patients with PD. Methods The objectives of this study were to review the evolution of the kinematic analysis of handwriting in PD and to provide an overview of handwriting abnormalities observed in PD along with future directions for research in this field. Articles for review were searched from the PubMed and SCOPUS databases. Results Digitizing tablet technologies have resulted in a shift of focus from the analysis of only letter size to the analysis of several kinematic features of handwriting. Studies based on the kinematic analysis of handwriting have revealed that patients with PD may have abnormalities in velocity, fluency, and acceleration in addition to micrographia. The recognition of abnormalities in several kinematic parameters of handwriting has given rise to the term PD dysgraphia. In addition, certain kinematic properties potentially may be helpful in distinguishing PD from other parkinsonian disorders. Conclusion The journey from micrographia to PD dysgraphia is indeed a paradigm shift. Further research is warranted to gain better insight into the graphomotor impairments in PD and their clinical implications.

show abstract

“…However, the spectrum of handwriting abnormalities observed in PD is more complex than the mere reduction of letter size, and it comprises deficits that involve dysfunctions of other components such as force, velocity, or fluency of writing [ 3 ]. The exact prevalence of Micrographia in PD has not been clearly established in the literature, and it ranges from 9% to 75% according to different reports [ 4 5 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Handwriting Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo assess the utility of handwriting rehabilitation (HR) in Parkinson disease (PD) patients who experienced difficulties with handwriting and signing.MethodsSixty PD patients were prospectively studied with graphological evaluations. Thirty PD patients were assigned to HR for 9 weeks. At the end of this training, all patients were evaluated again and results of basal vs. final evaluations were compared.ResultsAt final evaluation, the group assigned to HR showed significantly larger amplitude of the first 'e' in the phrase, larger signature surface area, and superior margin. A trend of increase in letter size was also observed. Handwriting with progressively decreasing size of letters and ascending direction with respect to the horizontal were prominent findings in both groups of patients and they did not change after HR.ConclusionRehabilitation programs for handwriting problems in PD patients are likely to be helpful. Larger randomized studies are needed to confirm these results.

show abstract

Self-reported parkinsonian symptoms in the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Cited by 13 publications

References 42 publications

Rate of weight gain predicts change in physical activity levels: a longitudinal analysis of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Rate of weight gain predicts change in physical activity levels: a longitudinal analysis of the EPIC-Norfolk cohort

Handwriting Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: Current Status and Future Directions

Handwriting Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease: A Pilot Study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About