Self-reported Medical and Nonmedical Cannabis Use Among Pregnant Women in the United States

Volkow, Nora D.; Han, Beth; Compton, Wilson M.; McCance‐Katz, Elinore F.

doi:10.1001/jama.2019.7982

Cited by 291 publications

(265 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…After duplicates were removed, 6542 publications were screened by title and abstract. Of these, 109 were retrieved for full‐text review and 41 studies were included in our scoping review …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and outcomes of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high‐income countries: a scoping review

Singh

Filion

Abenhaim

et al. 2019

BJOG

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Background With expanding recreational cannabis legalisation, pregnant women and their offspring are at risk of potentially harmful consequences. Objectives To assess the prevalence of recreational cannabis use among pregnant women, health outcomes associated with prenatal recreational cannabis use, and the potential impact of recreational cannabis legalisation on this population. Search strategy Five databases and the grey literature were systematically searched (2000–2019). Selection criteria Human studies published in English or French reporting on the prevalence of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high‐income countries. Data collection and analysis Data on study characteristics, prenatal substance use, and health outcomes were extracted and qualitatively synthesised. Main results Forty‐one publications met our inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of prenatal cannabis use varied substantially (min–max: 0.24–22.6%), with the greatest use in the first trimester. In the three studies with temporal data available, rates of prenatal cannabis use increased across years. Only 7/41 and 5/41 studies provided information on gestational age of exposure and frequency of use, respectively. The concomitant use of alcohol, illicit drugs, and tobacco was higher among cannabis users than nonusers. Prenatal cannabis use was associated with select neonatal, but not maternal, health outcomes. There were insufficient data to compare prenatal cannabis use between the pre‐ and post‐legalisation periods. Conclusion Cannabis use among pregnant women is prevalent and may be associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Future studies should assess the gestational age and frequency of cannabis exposure, and usage patterns prior to and following legalisation. Tweetable abstract Women who consume cannabis during pregnancy could risk predisposing their newborns to poor birth outcomes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and outcomes of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high‐income countries: a scoping review

Singh

Filion

Abenhaim

et al. 2019

BJOG

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…2 J.J. Volpe / Maternal marijuana use and preterm brain A second recent development of concern is that the use of cannabis during pregnancy has been increasing in recent years. In a particularly large recent study (n = 4000) of cannabis use among pregnant women in 2002-2003 vs. those in 2016-2017, the prevalence of past month use increased from 3.4% to 7.0% overall [6]. Notably use in the first trimester increased from 5.7% to 12.1%.…”

Section: Recent Clinical Developments Provoking Concernmentioning

confidence: 96%

Commentary – Marijuana use during pregnancy and premature birth: A problem likely to worsen

Volpe

2020

NPM

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“…More cannabis users may present to emergency departments with acute psychological distress and psychotic symptoms if they use more potent cannabis products such as extracts 36 . Adverse effects of cannabis on fetal development 36,37 may increase if more women use cannabis during pregnancy, as appears to be the case in the US 41 .…”

Section: What Adverse Health Effects May Increase After Cannabis Legamentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessing the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use: the US experience

2020

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The sale of cannabis for adult recreational use has been made legal in nine US states since 2012, and nationally in Uruguay in 2013 and Canada in 2018. We review US research on the effects of legalization on cannabis use among adults and adolescents and on cannabis‐related harms; the impact of legalizing adult recreational use on cannabis price, availability, potency and use; and regulatory policies that may increase or limit adverse effects of legalization. The legalization of recreational cannabis use in the US has substantially reduced the price of cannabis, increased its potency, and made cannabis more available to adult users. It appears to have increased the frequency of cannabis use among adults, but not so far among youth. It has also increased emergency department attendances and hospitalizations for some cannabis‐related harms. The relatively modest effects on cannabis use to date probably reflect restrictions on the number and locations of retail cannabis outlets and the constraints on commercialization under a continued federal prohibition of cannabis. Future evaluations of legalization should monitor: cannabis sales volumes, prices and content of tetrahydrocannabinol; prevalence and frequency of cannabis use among adolescents and adults in household and high school surveys; car crash fatalities and injuries involving drivers who are cannabis‐impaired; emergency department presentations related to cannabis; the demand for treatment of cannabis use disorders; and the prevalence of regular cannabis use among vulnerable young people in mental health services, schools and the criminal justice system. Governments that propose to legalize and regulate cannabis use need to fund research to monitor the impacts of these policy changes on public health, and take advantage of this research to develop ways of regulating cannabis use that minimize adverse effects on public health.

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Self-reported Medical and Nonmedical Cannabis Use Among Pregnant Women in the United States

Cited by 291 publications

References 3 publications

Prevalence and outcomes of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high‐income countries: a scoping review

Prevalence and outcomes of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high‐income countries: a scoping review

Commentary – Marijuana use during pregnancy and premature birth: A problem likely to worsen

Assessing the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use: the US experience

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