Self‐reported knee and foot alignments in early adult life and risk of osteoarthritis

McWilliams, Daniel F.; Doherty, Sally; Maciewicz, Rose A.; Muir, Kenneth; Zhang, Weiya; Doherty, Michael

doi:10.1002/acr.20169

Cited by 33 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…A case–control study of 1901 patients found early-life knee malalignment (especially varus) was associated with the later development of knee OA 39. The same self-reported instrument was also used in a cohort study of 2156 healthy controls and found that early-life self-reported knee varus or valgus malalignment was also a cause of knee pain 8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with pain and osteoarthritis at the hip and knee in Great Britain’s Olympians: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundKnowledge of the epidemiology and potentially modifiable factors associated with musculoskeletal disease is an important first step in injury prevention among elite athletes.AimThis study investigated the prevalence and factors associated with pain and osteoarthritis (OA) at the hip and knee in Great Britain’s (GB) Olympians aged 40 and older.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study. A survey was distributed to 2742 GB Olympians living in 30 countries. Of the 714 (26.0%) who responded, 605 were eligible for analysis (ie, aged 40 and older).ResultsThe prevalence of hip and knee pain was 22.4% and 26.1%, and of hip and knee OA was 11.1% and 14.2%, respectively. Using a multivariable model, injury was associated with OA at the hip (adjusted OR (aOR) 10.85; 95% CI 3.80 to 30.96) and knee (aOR 4.92; 95% CI 2.58 to 9.38), and pain at the hip (aOR 5.55; 95% CI 1.83 to 16.86) and knee (aOR 2.65; 95% CI 1.57 to 4.46). Widespread pain was associated with pain at the hip (aOR 7.63; 95% CI 1.84 to 31.72) and knee (aOR 4.77; 95% CI 1.58 to 14.41). Older age, obesity, knee malalignment, comorbidities, hypermobility and weight-bearing exercise were associated with hip and knee OA and/or pain.ConclusionsThis study detected an association between several factors and hip and knee pain/OA in retired GB Olympic athletes. These associations require further substantiation in retired athletes from other National Olympic Committees, and through comparison with the general population. Longitudinal follow-up is needed to investigate the factors associated with the onset and progression of OA/pain, and to determine if modulation of such factors can reduce the prevalence of pain and OA in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors associated with pain and osteoarthritis at the hip and knee in Great Britain’s Olympians: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2018

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“…For the purpose of prevention, they may be classified into non-modifiable (eg, age, gender, genetic susceptibility/family history) and potentially modifiable risk factors (eg, body mass index (BMI), occupational risk, joint injury, quadriceps weakness, nutrients, bone mineral density and oestrogen deficiency) 9. Some new risk factors have been recently identified such as the longer ring finger (2D:4D ratio),11 12 varus/valgus mal-alignment13 14 and genetic predisposition15 16 but many of these have yet to be ratified.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nottingham knee osteoarthritis risk prediction models

Zhang

McWilliams

Ingham

et al. 2011

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases

113

146

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Objectives (1) To develop risk prediction models for knee osteoarthritis (OA) and (2) to estimate the risk reduction that results from modifi cation of potential risk factors. Method This was a 12-year retrospective cohort study undertaken in the general population in Nottingham, UK. Baseline risk factors were collected by questionnaire. Incident radiographic knee OA was defi ned by Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) score ≥2. Incident symptomatic knee OA was defi ned by KL ≥2 plus knee pain. Progression of knee OA was defi ned by KL ≥1 grade increase from baseline. A logistic regression model was used for prediction. Calibration and discrimination of the models were tested in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI) population and Genetics of Osteoarthritis and Lifestyle (GOAL) population. ORs of the models were compared with those obtained from meta-analysis of existing literature.Results From a community sample of 424 people aged over 40, 3 risk prediction models were developed. These included incidence of radiographic knee OA, incidence of symptomatic knee OA and progression of knee OA. All models had good calibration and moderate discrimination power in OAI and GOAL. The ORs lied within the 95% CIs of the published studies. The risk reduction due to modifying obesity at the individual and the population levels were demonstrated. Conclusions Risk prediction of knee OA based on the well established, common modifi able risk factors has been established. The models may be used to predict the risk of knee OA, and risk reduction due to preventing a specifi c risk factor.Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of chronic joint disease and the leading cause of lower limb disability in older patients. 1 Although there are more than 50 treatments for symptomatic relief, the benefi ts of these treatments are only marginal over placebo, 2 -4 and often outweighed by their side effects. 2 4 Currently there is no effective treatment for structure modifi cation. The majority of patients have to cope with the disease for most of their lives, and even of those who undergo total joint replacement, 6% to 30% still have persistent knee pain after the surgery. 5 -8 At present, established symptomatic OA is a chronic, disabling and incurable condition.In contrast, research in the past two decades into the epidemiology of knee OA has identifi ed opportunities for primary and secondary disease prevention. 9 A number of risk factors for development of knee OA have been confi rmed. 10 For the purpose of prevention, they may be classifi ed into nonmodifi able (eg, age, gender, genetic susceptibility/ family history) and potentially modifi able risk factors (eg, body mass index (BMI), occupational risk, joint injury, quadriceps weakness, nutrients, bone mineral density and oestrogen defi ciency). 9 Some new risk factors have been recently identifi ed such as the longer ring fi nger (2D:4D ratio), 11 12 varus/valgus mal-alignment 13 14 and genetic predisposition 15 16 but many of these have yet to be ratifi ed.This project aimed to...

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“…Thus, separating data for the knee and the hip joint could potentially be important. Similarly, self-reported presence of varus knee, valgus knee, and toe-in/out angles during early adult life has been reported to be associated with increased risk of knee but not hip OA [8]. We reported the prevalence of malalignment separately for the population with prolonged knee pain and the population with prolonged hip pain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Important risk factors for knee and hip OA include age, obesity, and female gender [2][3][4], but recent studies also suggest that physical inactivity may play a role [5]. In addition, biomechanical factors such as malalignment and occupational physical exposure are considered to modify the risk of OA development by altering joint loading [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent narrative review reported only few studies assessing childhood or early adulthood risk factors for later knee OA development [11]. High BMI was found to be independently related to OA in later life, whereas limited evidence from mainly retrospective studies suggested that injury, childhood malalignment, socioeconomic status and physical abuse are associated with OA later in life [8,[11][12][13][14]. It is difficult to perform longitudinal studies addressing early adulthood risk factors for OA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Association of osteoarthritis risk factors with knee and hip pain in a population-based sample of 2424 30–59 year olds in Denmark: a cross-sectional analysis.

Tunen

Peat

Larsen

et al. 2017

Osteoarthritis and Cartilage

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Background: This study aimed to a) describe the prevalence of knee and hip osteoarthritis risk factors in a population of 29-59 year old individuals, b) estimate the association between persistent knee/hip pain and osteoarthritis risk factors, and c) describe the prevalence of osteoarthritis risk factors, including specific biomechanical risk factors, in individuals with prolonged persistent knee or hip pain. Methods: Participants completed the "Early Detection and Prevention" pilot study questionnaire, including items on presence of knee/hip pain within the last month and osteoarthritis risk factors. Individuals reporting knee/hip problems completed a second questionnaire, including items about most problematic joint and specific biomechanical osteoarthritis risk factors. After describing the prevalence of persistent knee/hip pain and osteoarthritis risk factors among respondents stratified for sex and age, logistic regression was used to estimate the strength of associations between osteoarthritis risk factors and presence of knee/hip pain. The prevalence of prolonged persistent pain (i.e. knee/hip pain reported at both questionnaires) and osteoarthritis risk factors among respondents with prolonged persistent knee and hip pain, were described.

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Self‐reported knee and foot alignments in early adult life and risk of osteoarthritis

Cited by 33 publications

References 39 publications

Factors associated with pain and osteoarthritis at the hip and knee in Great Britain’s Olympians: a cross-sectional study

Factors associated with pain and osteoarthritis at the hip and knee in Great Britain’s Olympians: a cross-sectional study

Nottingham knee osteoarthritis risk prediction models

Association of osteoarthritis risk factors with knee and hip pain in a population-based sample of 2424 30–59 year olds in Denmark: a cross-sectional analysis.

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