Self-Reported Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Roles of Bullying Involvement, Frustration Intolerance, and Hostility

Abstract

This study examined the relationships of cyberbullying and traditional bullying victimization and perpetration, perceived family function, frustration discomfort, and hostility with self-reported depressive symptoms and suicidality in adolescents diagnosed as having attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Both the self-reported severity of depressive symptoms on the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the occurrence of suicidal ideation or a suicide attempt on the suicidality module of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia were assessed in 195 adolescents with ADHD. The adolescents completed the Cyberbullying Experiences Questionnaire, Chinese version of the School Bullying Experience Questionnaire, Frustration–Discomfort Scale, Buss–Durkee Hostility Inventory, and Family APGAR Index. Caregivers completed the ADHD problems component of the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18. Multiple regression analyses were used to examine the correlates for each of self-reported depressive symptoms and suicidality. The results showed that after the effects of gender, age, ADHD symptoms, and family function were controlled, greater frustration discomfort and bullying perpetration significantly predicted self-reported depressive symptoms. Being cyberbullying victims and displaying hostility significantly predicted the risk of suicidality. Various types of bullying involvement, frustration intolerance, and hostility significantly predicted self-reported depressive symptoms and suicidality in adolescents with ADHD. By monitoring and intervening in these factors, we can reduce the risk of depression-related problems and suicidality in adolescents with ADHD.

Children and Adolescents with Depression: Perception of Family Caregivers

“…In our study, family members associated bullying with the child/adolescent's refusal to attend to school, having poor academic performance, and humiliation by schoolmates, which had repercussions as signs of intense psychological suffering. This perception of family members is in line with the outcomes by Liu et al (2021), which identified a significant association between the manifestation of depressive symptoms and suicide in adolescents who are bullied in the school environment. In this scenario, it is evident that, as well as health services and professionals, schools and teachers can also develop actions that work as a buffer and reduce the impact of situations that generate suffering on the development and health of children and adolescents (Kieling et al, 2019).…”

Тhe impact of bullying on children’s health and overcoming its consequences in the conditions of marital state (literature review)

“…Результати опитування в 40 країнах, що розвиваються, показали, що в середньому 42% хлопчиків і 37% дівчат стикалися або зазнавали цькування. Результати тривалих досліджень щодо наслідків булінгу засвідчили, що віктимізація внаслідок булінгу, особливо в підлітковому віці, може серйозно погіршити фізичне, психічне і соціальне функціонування дитини та призвести до ризикованої поведінки, тривоги, депресії, зниження рівня академічних досягнень, суїцидальних думок, суїцидальної поведінки або самоушкодження [7,18,20,30 [14,17]. Тому виявлення і попередження відхилень у психічному та фізичному здоров'ї дітей унаслідок булінгу є актуальною проблемою в педіатрії, що потребує мультидисциплінарного підходу до її вирішення під час воєнного стану.…”

Peer functioning difficulties may exacerbate symptoms of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and irritability over time: a temporal network analysis

“…First, we examined the role of irritability on the interplay between ADHD and peer functioning, given the high comorbidity between irritability and ADHD symptoms (Shaw et al., 2016) and the well‐documented social difficulties experienced by children with severe irritability (e.g., Brotman et al., 2017; Elvin et al., 2021; Lin et al., 2021). Second, since peer victimization was identified as a possible pathway leading to suicidality in adolescents with ADHD (Chen, Ho, Hsiao, Lu, & Yen, 2020; Liu, Hsiao, Chou, & Yen, 2021 – although these studies were cross‐sectional) and as an environmental mechanism explaining the risk for suicidality in children experiencing persistent and increasing irritability (Forte et al., 2021), we also considered the effect of peer victimization to improve the public health significance of our study. Third, the current study used an innovative method to model how variables predict each other over time – temporal network analysis (Epskamp, 2020), which has the advantage of disentangling within‐ and between‐person effects to provide a more accurate assessment of the relationship between the study variables, in contrast with the cross‐lagged panel model used in past studies (Tseng et al., 2012, 2014), which confounds these two types of effect.…”