Self-reported and clinical periodontal conditions in a group of Eastern European postpartum women

Abstract

Periodontitis is a highly prevalent condition leading to a continuous destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. It increases the risk for various systemic diseases and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, screening for periodontitis is important. Screening measures can range from self-reported symptoms to clinical full-mouth periodontal examination. The hypothesis of our study was that self-reported parameters and clinical definition perform equally well in identifying periodontitis patients. The aim of this study was to develop, validate its internal consistency, and evaluate a self-reported instrument against periodontal clinical evaluation for diagnosis of periodontitis in a group of postpartum women, as well as to describe their periodontal status and the risk factors associated with periodontal disease. A cross-sectional study on postpartum women was conducted in a tertiary university hospital, from April 2018 to March 2019. Sociodemographic and behavioral data, periodontal clinical parameters, and self-reported periodontal perception were collected. A 16-item questionnaire was developed to obtain information about perceived periodontal alterations and oral hygiene habits. The utility of the questionnaire was tested against a periodontal diagnosis based on a full-mouth periodontal examination. The questionnaire was applied in 215 postpartum women aged 29.16±5.54 years (mean age (y) ± standard deviation) having the following periodontal status: 16 individuals without periodontal disease (7.44%), 32 individuals with gingivitis (14.88%), 19 individuals with mild periodontitis (8.84%), 132 individuals with moderate periodontitis (61.39%), and 16 individuals with severe periodontitis (7.44%). A significant association was observed between oral hygiene score, smoking status, and periodontal conditions (p<0.05). A significant association between the self-reported items related to "gum swelling", "halitosis", "previous periodontal diagnosis" and "previous periodontal treatment" with clinical periodontitis have been identified (p<0.05). Using selfreported questionnaires for detection of periodontal disease was ineffective in our studied population, since self-reported parameters and clinical definition do not appear to perform

Who to Be Treated: Nomogram Using Self-Reported Periodontal Screening Instrument among English-Speaking Adults in Multi-Ethnic Singapore

“…Of interest is the association of ‘mouth rinse use’ with SP (OR = 5.60). This concurred with findings from a US study which showed association of mouth rinse use with SP [ 43 ], though there were many other studies which did not show any evidence of such association [ 17 , 18 , 22 , 25 , 26 ]. This highlights the importance of validating any self-report measures in a given population due to differences in population-specific characteristics, access to dental care, cross-cultural adaptation of questionnaire items and periodontitis prevalence [ 10 , 13 , 15 , 25 ].…”

“…Higher validity can thus be achieved with a combination of self-reported questions, demographic and risk factor variables [ 10 ]. Since then, the validity of self-reporting for periodontitis has been tested in different Western populations [ 14 , 15 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], including high-risk populations in rural areas [ 24 ], African Americans [ 25 ] and post-partum women [ 26 ]. Very few studies have been carried out in Asian populations, mainly in China [ 27 ] and Japan [ 28 ].…”

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“…Periodontitis case definitions were applied by four experienced, highly trained periodontologists (A.R., S , .I.S., I.C.M., P.D.M.) [45,52,53].…”

Exploring Periodontal Conditions, Salivary Markers, and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases

“…Experienced investigators previously calibrated (A.C., A.S., I.C.M) [ 49 , 50 ], and one young specialist (C.S.C.) dealt with the periodontal examinations.…”