Self-Regulated Phase Transfer of Cu₂O/bpy, Cu(0)/bpy, and Cu₂O/Cu(0)/bpy Catalyzed “Living” Radical Polymerization Initiated with Sulfonyl Chlorides

“Green” Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization: From Process Design to Preparation of Well-Defined Environmentally Friendly Polymeric Materials

“…[68][69][70] Cu. 26,[111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120] More details are provided in review papers and monographs. 23 126 Such systems are of fundamental interest since the presence of more than one metal complex in the reaction mixture may be beneficial, and the catalysis of more than one process may be accomplished simultaneously.…”

Nitroxide decomposition: Implications toward nitroxide design for applications in living free‐radical polymerization

“…The resulting increase in the concentration of persistent radicals makes the subsequent trapping of all new transient radicals selective for the cross-coupled product. In addition to nitroxides used in NMP, other persistent radical species commonly used in living radical polymerization include metal complexes in atom transfer radical polymerization [64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] and tertiary thiocarbonylderived radicals in reversible addition-fragmentation transfer [77][78][79][80] polymerization. In the course of polymerization, the concentration of transient polymeric carbon radicals remains very low, whereas the concentration of the persistent species remains higher.…”

Living radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate catalyzed by cuprous N,N‐diethyldithiocarbamate

“…10 After the first reported catalyst, cuprous chloride (CuCl) in normal ATRP, copper(I) species other than halides have been investigated in many labs. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] The Cu-based catalyst in a reverse ATRP, however, is mainly halide. 4,6 Recently Nishimura et al 18 and Qin et al, 19 respectively, reported the catalytic activity of transition-metal dithiocarbamates in their higher oxidation states.…”