Self-reference and cognitive effort: source memory for affectively neutral information is impaired following negative compared to positive self-referential processing

Kim, Kyungmi; Banquer, Alexis M.; Resnik, Solange N.; Johnson, Jenne D; Fernández, Lorena Sánchez

doi:10.1080/20445911.2022.2067553

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Studies indicate that people generally possess a positive self-image, leading to a faster response to positive stimuli than negative ones. [72][73][74] Secondly, SR can serve as an influential persuasion strategy. This principle is grounded in the idea that individuals are more readily swayed by information resonating with their experiences, beliefs, or identities.…”

Section: Self-referential Processing As a Mediatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Social Media Information Sharing in Individuals with Depression: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory

Liu,

Su,

et al. 2024

PRBM

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Purpose How individuals engage with social media can significantly impact their psychological well-being. This study examines the impact of social media interactions on mental health, grounded in the frameworks of the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory. It aims to uncover behavioral differences in information sharing between the general population and individuals with depression, while also elucidating the psychological mechanisms underlying these disparities. Methods A pre-experiment (N=30) and three experiments (Experiment 1a N=200, Experiment 1b N=180, Experiment 2 N=128) were executed online. These experiments investigated the joint effects of information quality, content valence, self-referential processing, and depression level on the intention to share information. The research design incorporated within-subject and between-subject methods, utilizing SPSS and SPSS Process to conduct independent sample t-tests, two-factor ANOVA analyses, mediation analyses, and moderated mediation analyses to test our hypotheses. Results Information quality and content valence significantly influence sharing intention. In scenarios involving low-quality information, individuals with depression are more inclined to share negative emotional content compared to the general population, and this tendency intensifies with the severity of depression. Moreover, self-referential processing acts as a mediator between emotional content and intention to share, yet this mediation effect weakens as the severity of depression rises. Conclusion Our study highlights the importance of promoting viewpoint diversity and breaking the echo chamber effect in social media to improve the mental health of individuals with depression. To achieve this goal, tailoring emotional content on social media could be a practical starting point for practice.

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Section: Self-referential Processing As a Mediatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Social Media Information Sharing in Individuals with Depression: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory

Liu,

Su,

et al. 2024

PRBM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Recall is improved when stimuli which have been engaged with in an individual's conscious thought-not just visually noted but engaged with in some deeper way (i.e., encoded) (Craik & Tulving, 1975). Self-referential stimuli are also easier to recall than those which are not self-referential (Bentley et al, 2017;Kim et al, 2022). Thus, researchers conclude that terms which are present in the free recall, and were described as self-referential during the behavioral task, are indicators of schema activation.…”

Section: Memory: Recall and Self-referential Recallmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Research on Self-Reference, Depression, and the Self-Referent Encoding Task: A Critical Review

Dainer-Best

2023

Preprint

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Understanding how people refer to themselves allows for a deeper understanding of mood and the actions individuals take. The self-referent encoding task (SRET) has been used in clinical psychological science to measure differences in self-referent thought and memory bias relating to depression, self-esteem, and self-memory. This review critically explores the history and function of the SRET, especially as connected to depressive symptoms, and covers possible future topics of research. Four major areas of SRET research are identified: (1) memory and memory bias, (2) neuroimaging and electroencephalographic recording, (3) longitudinal or developmental paradigms, and (4) personality and self-esteem. I address criticisms of the SRET, including replicability and psychometric validity. Future directions for research using the SRET may aim to identify ideal paradigms, use the SRET as a marker of change in depression, and fully disentangle its possible outcomes.

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Self-reference and cognitive effort: source memory for affectively neutral information is impaired following negative compared to positive self-referential processing

Cited by 2 publications

References 76 publications

Understanding Social Media Information Sharing in Individuals with Depression: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory

Understanding Social Media Information Sharing in Individuals with Depression: Insights from the Elaboration Likelihood Model and Schema Activation Theory

Trends in Research on Self-Reference, Depression, and the Self-Referent Encoding Task: A Critical Review

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