Self-recoverable NIR mechanoluminescence from Cr3+ doped perovskite type aluminate

Multi-Mode Luminescence in Smart Near-Infrared Cr3+/Pr3+ Codoped SrGa12O19 Phosphors Induced by Three Distinct Excitation Mechanisms

“…The random distribution of the trap leads to a certain degree of crystal deformation, causing the substance to become a noncentrosymmetric crystal locally, resulting in a local piezoelectric field. Simultaneously, upon applying mechanical stimulation to SGO:Cr 3+ /Pr 3+ , trapped electrons may undergo a recombination reaction, becoming free carriers once more and accelerating to the NIR emission center of Cr 3+ . Trivalent lanthanide ions possess abundant 4f electron energy levels, which can offer more effective traps to enhance luminescence intensity and duration.…”

“…Simultaneously, upon applying mechanical stimulation to SGO:Cr 3+ /Pr 3+ , trapped electrons may undergo a recombination reaction, becoming free carriers once more and accelerating to the NIR emission center of Cr 3+ . 44 Trivalent lanthanide ions possess abundant 4f electron energy levels, which can offer more effective traps to enhance luminescence intensity and duration. Pr 3+ , being a typical lanthanide ion, may extend the residual glow time by adjusting the trap depth.…”

Visible-to-Near-Infrared Mechanoluminescence in Bi-Activated Spinel Compounds for Multiple Information Anticounterfeiting

“…During more than 20 years of development, an increasing number of researchers have focused on the development of MLs from the ultraviolet (UV)-to-near-infrared (NIR) spectral band, e.g., LiYGeO 4 :Bi 3+ (UV, 375 nm), SrCaSi 2 O 7 :Eu 2+ (blue, 450 nm), Sr 3 Al 2 O 5 Cl 2 :Dy 3+ (yellow, 580 nm), CaZnOS:Mn 2+ (red, 610 nm), and Y 3 Al 4 GaO 12 :Cr 3+ (red, 688 nm) . Compared to MLs from other wavebands, NIR MLs have the advantages of excellent biological tissue penetration, high imaging signal-to-noise ratio, and invisibility, which are profoundly desirable for applications in biotherapy/biological imaging, biomechanics, and stress sensing. − In this regard, some excellent NIR MLs have been developed by our team since 2019 to facilitate the development of MLs, e.g., MgGeO 3 :Mn 2+ (600–800 nm), LaAlO 3 :Cr 3+ (700–800 nm), CaZnGe 2 O 6 :Mn 2+ (600–850 nm), LiGa 5 O 8 :Cr 3+ (650–850 nm), Lu 3 Ga 5 O 12 :Cr 3+ (650–900 nm), Sr 3 Sn 2 O 7 :Nd 3+ (850–950 nm), LiNbO 3 :Nd 3+ (875–950 nm), and LiGa 5 O 8 :Pr 3+ (800–1000 nm) . In addition, the promising application in monitoring cardiovascular diseases based on NIR ML phosphors was cooperatively implemented …”