Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for immobilization of high-level waste in mineral-like ceramics: 1. Synthesis and study of titanate ceramics based on perovskite and zirconolite

Баринова, Т. В.; Borovinskaya, I. P.; Ратников, В. И.; Игнатьева, Т. И.

doi:10.1134/s1066362208030181

Cited by 16 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Zirconolite-related Ca-REE-Zr-Ti-Nb oxides have been described in numerous publications as advanced materials suitable for the immobilization of actinides, which are components of high-level radioactive waste [1][2][3][4][5]. Natural zirconolites and related minerals (zirconolite-3O (Ca,REE) 2 Zr 2 (Ti,Nb) 3 FeO 14 , zirconolite-3T (Ca,REE) 2 Zr 2 (Ti,Nb) 3 FeO 14 , zirconolite-2M (Ca,REE) 2 Zr 2 (Ti,Nb) 3 FeO 14 , laachite Ca 2 Zr 2 Nb 2 TiFeO 14 , stefanweissite (Ca,REE) 2 Zr 2 (Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb) 2 Fe 2+ O 14 (IMA 2018-020) and the here-described nöggerathite-(Ce)) are characterized by a wide compositional diversity and can be considered as prototypes of such materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nöggerathite-(Ce), (Ce,Ca)2Zr2(Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb)2Fe2+O14, a New Zirconolite-Related Mineral from the Eifel Volcanic Region, Germany

et al. 2018

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The new mineral nöggerathite-(Ce) was discovered in a sanidinite volcanic ejectum from the Laach Lake (Laacher See) paleovolcano in the Eifel region, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Associated minerals are sanidine, dark mica, magnetite, baddeleyite, nosean, and a chevkinite-group mineral. Nöggerathite-(Ce) has a color that ranges from brown to deep brownish red, with adamantine luster; the streak is brownish red. It occurs in cavities of sanidinite and forms long prismatic crystals measuring up to 0.02 × 0.03 × 1.0 mm, with twins and random intergrowths. Its density calculated using the empirical formula is 5.332 g/cm3. The Vickers hardness number (VHN) is 615 kgf/mm2, which corresponds to a Mohs’ hardness of 5½. The mean refractive index calculated using the Gladstone–Dale equation is 2.267. The Raman spectrum shows the absence of hydrogen-bearing groups. The chemical composition (electron microprobe holotype/cotype in wt %) is as follows: CaO 5.45/5.29, MnO 4.19/4.16, FeO 7.63/6.62, Al2O3 0.27/0.59, Y2O3 0.00/0.90, La2O3 3.17/3.64, Ce2O3 11.48/11.22, Pr2O3 1.04/0.92, Nd2O3 2.18/2.46, ThO2 2.32/1.98, TiO2 17.78/18.69, ZrO2 27.01/27.69, Nb2O5 17.04/15.77, total 99.59/99.82, respectively. The empirical formulae based on 14 O atoms per formula unit (apfu) are: (Ce0.59La0.165Nd0.11Pr0.05)Σ0.915Ca0.82Th0.07Mn0.50Fe0.90Al0.045Zr1.86Ti1.88Nb1.07O14 (holotype), and (Ce0.57La0.19Nd0.12Pr0.05Y0.06)Σ0.99Ca0.79Th0.06Mn0.49Fe0.77Al0.10Zr1.89Ti1.96Nb1.00O14 (cotype). The simplified formula is (Ce,Ca)2Zr2(Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb)2Fe2+O14. Nöggerathite-(Ce) is orthorhombic, of the space group Cmca. The unit cell parameters are: a = 7.2985(3), b = 14.1454(4), c = 10.1607(4) Å, and V = 1048.99(7) Å3. The crystal structure was solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. Nöggerathite-(Ce) is an analogue of zirconolite-3O, ideally CaZrTi2O7, with Nb dominant over Ti in one of two octahedral sites and REE dominant over Ca in the eight-fold coordinated site. The strongest lines of the powder X-ray diffraction pattern (d, Å (I, %) (hkl)) are: 2.963 (91) (202), 2.903 (100) (042), 2.540 (39) (004), 1.823 (15) (400), 1.796 (51) (244), 1.543 (20) (442), and 1.519 (16) (282), respectively. The type material is deposited in the collections of the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia (registration number 5123/1).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nöggerathite-(Ce), (Ce,Ca)2Zr2(Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb)2Fe2+O14, a New Zirconolite-Related Mineral from the Eifel Volcanic Region, Germany

et al. 2018

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“…To obtain zirconolite-rich matrices, heating with high-frequency currents and selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) has also been investigated. Syntheses have been reported using inactive REE simulants (Ce and Nd) [166][167][168][169][170]. Besides zirconolite-2M, the samples contain perovskite and, less often, pyrochlore at the elevated surrogate concentration, with REE elements preferentially located within the perovskite phases.…”

Section: Other Methods For Obtaining Zirconolite-containing Matricesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zirconolite Matrices for the Immobilization of REE–Actinide Wastes

et al. 2023

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The structural and chemical properties of zirconolite (ideally CaZrTi2O7) as a host phase for separated REE–actinide-rich wastes are considered. Detailed analysis of both natural and synthetic zirconolite-structured phases confirms that a selection of zirconolite polytype structures may be obtained, determined by the provenance, crystal chemistry, and/or synthesis route. The production of zirconolite ceramic and glass–ceramic composites at an industrial scale appears most feasible by cold pressing and sintering (CPS), pressure-assisted sintering techniques such as hot isostatic pressing (HIP), or a melt crystallization route. Moreover, we discuss the synthesis of zirconolite glass ceramics by the crystallization of B–Si–Ca–Zr–Ti glasses containing actinides in conditions of increased temperatures relevant to deep borehole disposal (DBD).

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“…Wasteforms can be synthesized by different methods, rendering different properties. The wasteforms are invariably synthesized by employing the melt-quench, solid-state sintering, hot pressing, microwave sintering (Wei et al, 2020), self-propagating hightemperature synthesis (SHS) (Barinova et al, 2008), and spark plasma sintering (SPS) methods (Aldean et al, 2022). The synthesis method should be simple, cost-effective, and capable of avoiding the production of secondary radioactive waste.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Wasteformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The waste is immobilized into ceramics such as perovskite (CaTiO 3 ), hollandite (BaAl 2 Ti 6 O 16 ), and zirconolite (CaZrTi 2 O 7 ) (Barinova et al, 2008). The perovskite/zirconolite matrix can accommodate a wide range of the elements present in HLW.…”

Section: Chemical Durability Of Ceramic Wasteformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrices for radioactive waste immobilization: a review

Pilania,

Dube

2023

Front. Mater.

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Nuclear energy is considered a clean, reliable, and an inexhaustible energy source for power generation. Nuclear power is harnessed from nuclear fission reactions in a dedicated power plant. The by-products (produced in the nuclear power plant) are radioactive and pose a threat to the environment. The safe disposal of nuclear waste is vital to ensure the sustainable use of the nuclear energy. The immobilization of radioactive waste before final disposal is essential for the interim storage and transportation. This review summarizes the recent work on glass, ceramics, and glass–ceramics matrices to immobilize high-level waste. The synthesis methods, leaching behavior, and radiation resistance of matrices are discussed briefly.

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Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis for immobilization of high-level waste in mineral-like ceramics: 1. Synthesis and study of titanate ceramics based on perovskite and zirconolite

Cited by 16 publications

References 3 publications

Nöggerathite-(Ce), (Ce,Ca)2Zr2(Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb)2Fe2+O14, a New Zirconolite-Related Mineral from the Eifel Volcanic Region, Germany

Nöggerathite-(Ce), (Ce,Ca)2Zr2(Nb,Ti)(Ti,Nb)2Fe2+O14, a New Zirconolite-Related Mineral from the Eifel Volcanic Region, Germany

Zirconolite Matrices for the Immobilization of REE–Actinide Wastes

Matrices for radioactive waste immobilization: a review

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