Self‐Powered Multifunctional Human–Machine Interfaces for Respiratory Monitoring and Smart System Control

Abstract

Innovative human–machine interfaces (HMIs) have attracted increasing attention in the field of system control and assistive devices for disabled people. Conventional HMIs that are designed based on the interaction of physical movements or language communication are not effective or appliable to severely disabled users. Here, a breath‐driven triboelectric sensor is reported consisting of a soft fixator and two circular‐shaped triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for self‐powered respiratory monitoring and smart system control. The sensor device is capable of effectively detecting the breath variation and generates responsive electrical signals based on different breath patterns without affecting the normal respiration. A breathing‐driven HMI system is demonstrated for severely disabled people to control electrical household appliances and shows an intelligent respiration monitoring system for emergence alarm. The new system provides the advantages of high sensitivity, good stability, low cost, and ease of use. This work will not only expand the development of the TENGs in self‐powered sensors, but also opens a new avenue to develop assistive devices for disabled people through innovation of advanced HMIs.

Crosstalk-free graphene–liquid elastomer based printed sensors for unobtrusive respiratory monitoring

“…S14(a-d) †). [37][38][39] Using the frequency data, the corresponding respiratory rates for the normal, fast, deep, and slow breathing were calculated, and they were found to be 12, 106, 6, and 11, respectively.…”

Recent Advances in Self-powered Sensors Based on Nanogenerators: From Material and Structural Design to Cutting-Edge Sensing Applications

“…It could provide optimal comfort while adhering to the highest performance standards. 184 The sensor consisted of a small soft retainer inserted into the nostril and two circular TENGs with a single electrode pattern. Additionally, an intelligent respiration-driven human-machine interface system was developed to convert real-time respiratory signals into control signals for electrical appliances.…”

Multimodal 5‐DOF Stretchable Electromagnetic Actuators toward Haptic Information Delivery

“…Intuitive and effective human-machine interfaces (HMIs) play a pivotal role in artificial intelligence, spanning from robotics and DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202314515 rehabilitation to remote operations, smart manufacturing, entertainment, and virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) (Figure 1a). [1][2][3][4][5][6] Such interfaces have predominantly depended on visual and auditory feedback, as well as conventional control interfaces, such as mice, keyboards, touchpads, and joysticks. [7] Tactile perception, exploiting humans' subtle and complex sense of touch, remains underutilized due to the lack of efficient skin-compatible transducers to generate dynamic mechanical stimuli on the skin.…”