Self-organized networks of intrinsically conductive additives in two-phase plastics

Avlyanov, Jamshid K.; Schwartz, K.; Gerteisen, S.R.; Dahman, Sam J.

doi:10.1016/s0379-6779(98)01469-6

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The 80:20 and 90:10 composites are more unstable with mass loss of 5% at approximately 200 °C, which was attributed to the loss of water and HCl. These results are in agreement with the explanation that the CB substrate acts as a barrier preventing the elimination of small molecules at elevated temperatures [1,18] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Moreover, the polymer must be stable at the high temperatures that are necessary for processing [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . However, films prepared with intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) exhibit poor mechanical properties and are also thermally unstable [17,18] , for example, conducting PANI loses its electrical properties at 225 °C, even under nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Synthesis and characterization of conducting composites of polyaniline and carbon black with high thermal stability

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

nanotubes substrates have demonstrated some properties such as the increase of the PANI conducting ability [27,32,33] , the supercapacitive behavior [30,34] as well as better recovering properties by functionalizing the oxidized carbon nanotube with p-phenylenediamineamino before starting the polymerization [35] . Nevertheless, the attainment of a well controlled carbon nanotube substrate, with high purity degree, is still difficult and expensive.In this work, a detailed and simple route is described to prepare composites based on the direct chemical polymerization of PANI onto particles of conductive CB substrate (type Printex ® L6 from Degussa S.A). It is also demonstrated that this procedure presents great advantages such as the best control in the substrate recovering. The composites were characterized by thermal analysis, specific area, elemental analysis and AC conductivity. ExperimentalAniline (Aldrich) was purified by distillation under reduced pressure in the presence of zinc powder. Conductive CB Printex ® L6 (10 -1 S cm -1 in pressed samples) was purchased from Degussa. All reagents were analytical grade and used as received. The water used for the solutions was purified by the Milli-Q system (Millipore Inc.).The PANI was synthesized using aqueous HCl by the direct oxidation of the aniline with the addition of a solution of 0.25 M (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 using a monomer:oxidant molar ratio of 4:1 at 0 °C. The resulting PANI powder was dried under air atmosphere at 60 °C.The composites were prepared by maintaining CB under mechanical stirring for 1 hour in contact with acidic aqueous solutions of 1.0 M aniline in 1.0 M HCl. After that, the solution of 0.25 M (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 in 1.0 M HCl was drop wise IntroductionPANI presents very poor mechanical stability in its conducting state, which requires the preparation of copolymers or blends. Moreover, the polymer must be stable at the high temperatures that are necessary for processing [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . However, films prepared with intrinsically conducting polymers (ICPs) exhibit poor mechanical properties and are also thermally unstable [17,18] , for example, conducting PANI loses its electrical properties at 225 °C, even under nitrogen atmosphere.Generally, thermoplastics or thermosets conductive compounds are obtained by the addition of a conductive loading, such as CB, to the polymeric matrix. Additionally, to obtain suitable materials, high loadings of the additive are necessary. This makes heat processing difficult, because the high surface area additive increases the melt viscosity in the interaction with the polymer matrix [19,20] .Composites obtained by deposition of ICPs over CB particles, showed thermal stability and effective reduction of the surface area and pore volume of the CB [18,21] . These classes of composites could be obtained by the in situ deposition of the ICP on CB substrate [18,22] , the direct polymerization of ICPs on carbon substrates, by chemical [23,21,24] or electrochemical method [25][26][2...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of conducting composites of polyaniline and carbon black with high thermal stability

2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…6. In another study of Avlyanov et al 89 composites of polypyrrole and CB (Eeonomer) were added into a blend of nylon-6 and PP. Solvent extraction experiments indicated that less polar CB was preferentially located in the PP phase.…”

Section: Carbon Black In Polymer Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon black filled conducting polymers and polymer blends

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ABSTRACT:The objective of this article was to review the use of carbon black (CB) as a conductive filler in polymers and polymer blends. Important properties of CB related to its use in conducting polymers are discussed. The effects of polymer structure, molecular weight, surface tension, and processing conditions on electrical resistivity and physical properties of composites are discussed. Several percolation models applicable to CB/polymer blends are reviewed. Emphasis is placed on recent trends using polymer blends as the matrix to obtain conducting composites at a lower CB loading. A criterion for the distribution of CB in polymer blends is discussed.

show abstract

“…However, the addition of particulate fillers such as CB in a polymer matrix can cause an excessive increase in the viscosity,10 hindering the melt processing of these materials. In this aspect, the use of a new class of conductive additives for plastics made via in situ deposition of ICPs on carbon black11 (Eeonomer®) could improve electrical conductivity on rubbery and thermoplastic systems without a huge increase on viscosity, and consequently facilitate the melt processing of these materials 12. In this work we show that a further advantage of the use of Eeonomer® lies in the fact that they are more thermally stable than other conducting composites or blends, allowing processing at high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melt processing of composites of PVDF and carbon black modified with conducting polymers

Zucolotto¹,

Avlyanov²,

Grégório

et al. 2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Conductive composites from poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and a novel thermally stable conductive additive made via in situ deposition of polyaniline or polypyrrole on carbon black particles were produced by a melting process. Electrical conductivity in the order of 10 Ϫ2 S/cm could be achieved with low contents of the conductive filler. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that there is no appreciable degradation of the composites at temperatures as high as 300°C. Moreover, the addition of the conducting polymer-modified carbon black additive is advantageous to the melt processing of the composites, reducing the melt viscosity in comparison to the addition of pure carbon black. Composites containing the ␤-phase of PVDF could be obtained via quenching from the melt, as indicated by X-Ray diffraction analysis. The type and amount of the additive and the quenching rate influence the formation of ␤-phase in the PVDF composites.

show abstract

Self-organized networks of intrinsically conductive additives in two-phase plastics

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Synthesis and characterization of conducting composites of polyaniline and carbon black with high thermal stability

Synthesis and characterization of conducting composites of polyaniline and carbon black with high thermal stability

Carbon black filled conducting polymers and polymer blends

Melt processing of composites of PVDF and carbon black modified with conducting polymers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About