Self-monitoring of blood glucose as control tool in the different management contexts for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. What is its current role in non-insulin users?

Ordóñez, Juan Sebastián Frías; Pérez-Gualdrón, Clara E

doi:10.15446/revfacmed.v67n3.69687

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…It has the potential to influence the physicians’ decision-making [ 27 ] as well as patients. Furthermore, some trials have demonstrated structured diabetes control programs achieving targeted glycemic control by using daily blood glucose monitoring results as a basis to self-adjust insulin dose in poorly or uncontrolled type 2 diabetes patients [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices

et al. 2021

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Background The last two decades have witnessed a burgeoning rise in the prevalence of diabetes globally. It has already reached epidemic proportions in Saudi Arabia, with reported high risk among women. As a result, diabetes monitoring and self-management programs are being highly prioritized for diabetes control and management. Objective To investigate measuring and sharing practices of the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) among patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes using insulin. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 203 patients attending primary care clinics at a tertiary care center. The questionnaire assessed the measuring, recording, and sharing of SMBG practices of patients having diabetes with their physicians. The methods used for recording and sharing were categorized into paper-based and electronic-based. In addition, the determinants of the different methods used and frequency of sharing were analyzed. Results The overall monitoring prevalence was 95% (193/203), and 57% (117/203) of participants shared the SMBG results. Among the 193 individuals that performed self-monitoring, 138 (72%) performed daily monitoring, and 147 (76%) recorded their blood sugar levels. Almost 55% (81/147) used paper-based materials like notebooks and paper for recording, while the rest (66/147, 45%) used digital devices like laptops and smartphones. A shift towards the use of digital devices and smart applications was observed in patients below 50 years of age. The digitally recorded blood glucose measurements were being shared thrice more often than the recordings made on paper or in notebooks (OR [odds ratio] 2.8; P=.01). Patients >50 years of age (OR 2.3; P=.02), with lesser formal education, married (OR 4.2; P<.001), with smaller family size (OR 2.6; P=.01), having type 2 diabetes (OR 4.1; P<.001) and any comorbid conditions (OR 2.6; P=.01) were associated with higher odds of using paper-based sharing methods. Only the female gender and type 2 diabetes were associated with increased frequency of sharing, while uncontrolled diabetes, the presence of other comorbidities, and duration of diabetes did not show any influence. Conclusions Good monitoring and optimal sharing practices were found. Sharing using electronic devices can be emphasized. Diabetes self-management programs can incorporate the use of digital technology in training sessions. Digital literacy and its applications in health care may enhance SMBG practices resulting in better diabetes control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices

et al. 2021

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“…To prevent and control diabetes-related complications, it is crucial to maintain glycemic control [ 7 , 8 ]. However, optimal glycemic control is often difficult to maintain [ 7 , 9 ], and less than 50% of people with diabetes reach their goal of glycemic control [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different telemonitoring approaches focused on diabetes self-management education could be relevant in supporting people with non-insulin-dependent T2D. One essential approach is self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), as it provides instant feedback on glycemic values rather than waiting for the next HbA1c [ 8 ]. Another relevant approach is monitoring sleep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A telemonitoring intervention design for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: protocol for a feasibility study

Laursen,

Giese,

Udsen

et al. 2024

Pilot Feasibility Stud

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Background Maintaining optimal glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) is difficult. Telemedicine has the potential to support people with poorly regulated T2D in the achievement of glycemic control, especially if the telemedicine solution includes a telemonitoring component. However, the ideal telemonitoring design for people with T2D remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this feasibility study is to evaluate the feasibility of two telemonitoring designs for people with non-insulin-dependent T2D with a goal of identifying the optimal telemonitoring intervention for a planned future large-scale randomized controlled trial. Method This 3-month randomized feasibility study will be conducted in four municipalities in North Denmark starting in January 2024. There will be 15 participants from each municipality. Two different telemonitoring intervention designs will be tested. One intervention will include self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) combined with sleep and mental health monitoring. The second intervention will include an identical setup but with the addition of blood pressure and activity monitoring. Two municipalities will be allocated to one intervention design, whereas the other two municipalities will be allocated to the second intervention design. Qualitative interviews with participants and clinicians will be conducted to gain insight into their experiences with and acceptance of the intervention designs and trial procedures (e.g., blood sampling and questionnaires). In addition, sources of differences in direct intervention costs between the two alternative interventions will be investigated. Discussion Telemonitoring has the potential to support people with diabetes in achieving glycemic control, but the existing evidence is inconsistent, and thus, the optimal design of interventions remains unclear. The results of this feasibility study are expected to produce relevant information about telemonitoring designs for people with T2D and help guide the design of future studies. A well-tested telemonitoring design is essential to ensure the quality of telemedicine initiatives, with goals of user acceptance and improved patient outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT06134934. Registered November 1, 2023. The feasibility trial has been approved (N-20230026) by the North Denmark Region Committee on Health Research Ethics (June 5, 2023).

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Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices (Preprint)

Jamal¹,

Tharkar²,

Babaier³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BACKGROUND The last two decades have witnessed a burgeoning rise in the prevalence of diabetes globally. It has already reached epidemic proportions in Saudi Arabia, with reported high risk among women. As a result, diabetes monitoring and self-management programs are being highly prioritized for diabetes control and management. OBJECTIVE To investigate measuring and sharing practices of the self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) among patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes using insulin. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 203 patients attending primary care clinics at a tertiary care center. The questionnaire assessed the measuring, recording, and sharing of SMBG practices of patients having diabetes with their physicians. The methods used for recording and sharing were categorized into paper-based and electronic-based. In addition, the determinants of the different methods used and frequency of sharing were analyzed. RESULTS The overall monitoring prevalence was 95% (193/203), and 57% (117/203) of participants shared the SMBG results. Among the 193 individuals that performed self-monitoring, 138 (72%) performed daily monitoring, and 147 (76%) recorded their blood sugar levels. Almost 55% (81/147) used paper-based materials like notebooks and paper for recording, while the rest (66/147, 45%) used digital devices like laptops and smartphones. A shift towards the use of digital devices and smart applications was observed in patients below 50 years of age. The digitally recorded blood glucose measurements were being shared thrice more often than the recordings made on paper or in notebooks (OR [odds ratio] 2.8; P=.01). Patients >50 years of age (OR 2.3; P=.02), with lesser formal education, married (OR 4.2; P<.001), with smaller family size (OR 2.6; P=.01), having type 2 diabetes (OR 4.1; P<.001) and any comorbid conditions (OR 2.6; P=.01) were associated with higher odds of using paper-based sharing methods. Only the female gender and type 2 diabetes were associated with increased frequency of sharing, while uncontrolled diabetes, the presence of other comorbidities, and duration of diabetes did not show any influence. CONCLUSIONS Good monitoring and optimal sharing practices were found. Sharing using electronic devices can be emphasized. Diabetes self-management programs can incorporate the use of digital technology in training sessions. Digital literacy and its applications in health care may enhance SMBG practices resulting in better diabetes control.

show abstract

Self-monitoring of blood glucose as control tool in the different management contexts for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. What is its current role in non-insulin users?

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices

Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices

A telemonitoring intervention design for patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: protocol for a feasibility study

Blood Glucose Monitoring and Sharing Amongst People With Diabetes and Their Facilitators: Cross-sectional Study of Methods and Practices (Preprint)

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