“…For both, typical observables are mode shapes [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], resonance frequencies [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], and the evolution of surface waves with forcing amplitude [18,23,[29][30][31][33][34][35]. The free surface waves oscillate at the forcing frequency (harmonically) when the forcing acceleration is low.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The free surface waves oscillate at the forcing frequency (harmonically) when the forcing acceleration is low. However, an elevated acceleration triggers modes which oscillate at half the forcing frequency [15,18,19,21,[30][31][32], called half-frequency subharmonic modes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This has been identified as a parametric response, often modeled by the Mathieu-Hill equation [15,18,19,25,31,32,36,37]. These common features apparently imply that resonance of drops and Faraday waves are closely related, although they have been separate studies in the literature mostly.…”
In this work, we experimentally examine the resonance of a sessile drop with a square footprint (square drop) on a flat plate. Two families of modal behaviors are reported. One family is identified with the modes of sessile drops with circular footprints (circular drop), denoted as 'spherical modes'. The other family is associated with Faraday waves on a square liquid bath (square Faraday waves), denoted as 'grid modes'. The two families are distinguished based on their dispersion behaviors. By comparing the occurrence of the modes, we recognize spherical modes as the characteristic of sessile drops and grid modes as the constrained response. Within a broader context, we further discuss the resonance modes of circular sessile drops and free spherical drops, and we recognize various modal behaviors as surface waves under different extents of constraint. From these, we conclude that sessile drops resonate according to how wavenumber selection by footprint geometry and capillarity compete. For square drops, a dominant effect of footprint constraint leads to grid modes; otherwise the drops exhibit spherical modes, the characteristic of sessile drops on flat plates. *
“…For both, typical observables are mode shapes [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], resonance frequencies [11,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32], and the evolution of surface waves with forcing amplitude [18,23,[29][30][31][33][34][35]. The free surface waves oscillate at the forcing frequency (harmonically) when the forcing acceleration is low.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The free surface waves oscillate at the forcing frequency (harmonically) when the forcing acceleration is low. However, an elevated acceleration triggers modes which oscillate at half the forcing frequency [15,18,19,21,[30][31][32], called half-frequency subharmonic modes.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This has been identified as a parametric response, often modeled by the Mathieu-Hill equation [15,18,19,25,31,32,36,37]. These common features apparently imply that resonance of drops and Faraday waves are closely related, although they have been separate studies in the literature mostly.…”
In this work, we experimentally examine the resonance of a sessile drop with a square footprint (square drop) on a flat plate. Two families of modal behaviors are reported. One family is identified with the modes of sessile drops with circular footprints (circular drop), denoted as 'spherical modes'. The other family is associated with Faraday waves on a square liquid bath (square Faraday waves), denoted as 'grid modes'. The two families are distinguished based on their dispersion behaviors. By comparing the occurrence of the modes, we recognize spherical modes as the characteristic of sessile drops and grid modes as the constrained response. Within a broader context, we further discuss the resonance modes of circular sessile drops and free spherical drops, and we recognize various modal behaviors as surface waves under different extents of constraint. From these, we conclude that sessile drops resonate according to how wavenumber selection by footprint geometry and capillarity compete. For square drops, a dominant effect of footprint constraint leads to grid modes; otherwise the drops exhibit spherical modes, the characteristic of sessile drops on flat plates. *
“…The spontaneous oscillations of puddles on a hot surface were first reported in 1952 by Norman J. Holter [140]. Later various other authors [141,142,143,144,116,145,146,147] studied it in detail. Puddle oscillations are often produced by a periodic acceleration field applied to the droplet.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 94%
“…When the contact line is pinned only weakly to the substrate, it's radius R becomes periodic in order to conserve the volume. The time varying radius causes the resonance frequency for the free oscillations modulated in time which leads to parametric forcing [144]. The drop responds to this parametric forcing at half the frequency of excitation.…”
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