Self-induced optical modulation of the transmission through a high-Q silicon microdisk resonator

Johnson, Thomas J.; Borselli, Matthew; Painter, Oskar

doi:10.1364/opex.14.000817

Cited by 222 publications

(202 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…[16][17][18][19] Studies have shown abundant nonlinear behaviors promoted by the highly localized optical field inside the microcavities, such as optical bi-stability, 20,21 deformation and abnormal oscillation [22][23][24][25][26][27] of the transmission spectra. Recently, periodic self-sustained pulsation (SSP) [28][29][30][31][32] in the transmission spectrum has been reported in various microcavity systems, excited by a fixed-frequency continuous laser, different from that excited by frequency-scanned lasers 26 or by pulsed lasers 27 in previous studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHz-level self-sustained pulsation in polymer microspheres on a chip

Luo

et al. 2014

AIP Advances

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We observe MHz-level periodic self-sustained pulsation (SSP) in the transmission spectrum of a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) spherical microcavity on a silicon chip, under a fixed-frequency continuous laser excitation. The SSP results from the strong competition between the thermo-optic and thermal expansion effects of PDMS within the cavity mode volume. The experimental results show good agreement with the theoretical prediction by considering the modification of the thermal expansion coefficient and the temperature distribution within the mode volume.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MHz-level self-sustained pulsation in polymer microspheres on a chip

Luo

et al. 2014

AIP Advances

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“…As such, we combine the arguably best material for high-QM nanomechanics [20] (stoichiometric Si3N4) with an advantageous material for linear optics [21][22][23][24] (SiO2) in an integrated on-chip device, which allows the detection of ultra-small forces at the aN level. The advantages of silica for optical resonators result from higher thresholds for thermal nonlinearities when compared to silicon [25] or silicon nitride [26] as well as the absence of two photon absorption [27], thus allowing significantly higher circulating power and preventing cross talk between optical modes induced by the nonlinearity. Moreover, silica microresonators can be coupled with high efficiency to optical fiber as required for highly efficient measurements of position or force.…”

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confidence: 99%

A hybrid on-chip optomechanical transducer for ultrasensitive force measurements

2012

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Nanomechanical oscillators have been employed as transducers to measure force, mass and charge with high sensitivity. They are also used in opto-or electromechanical experiments with the goal of quantum control and phenomena of mechanical systems. Here, we report the realization and operation of a hybrid monolithically integrated transducer system consisting of a high-Q nanomechanical oscillator with modes in the MHz regime coupled to the near-field of a high-Q optical whispering-gallery-mode microresonator. The transducer system enables a sensitive resolution of the nanomechanical beam's thermal motion with a signal-to-noise of five orders of magnitude and has a force sensitivity of 74 aN Hz −1/2 at room temperature. We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that the sensitivity of continuous incoherent force detection improves only with the fourth root of the averaging time. Using dissipative feedback based on radiation pressure enabled control, we explicitly demonstrate by detecting a weak incoherent force that this constraint can be significantly relaxed. We achieve a more than 30-fold reduction in averaging time with our hybrid transducer and are able to detect an incoherent force having a force spectral density as small as 15 aN Hz −1/2 within 35 s of averaging. This corresponds to a signal which is 25 times smaller than the thermal noise and would otherwise remain out of reach. The reported monolithic platform is an enabling step towards hybrid nanomechanical transducers relying on the light-mechanics interface. Nanomechanical oscillators [1] serve as ultrasensitive detectors of force [2], mass [3] and charge [4]. Recently, increasing efforts have been devoted to sensitively detect the nanomechanical motion of these oscillators [5][6][7][8] with recent systems exhibiting a sensitivity below that at the standard quantum limit (SQL) [9,10]. For sensitive force detection the requirements on displacement sensitivity are less stringent, though, because of the thermal limit. Recent work has demonstrated that trapped ions have also the potential to be employed as sensitive transducers for ultrasmall forces [11,12], with the force sensitivity reaching levels of only 5 yN Hz −1/2 [12]. While being a promising approach to detect specific small forces, it presently suffers from challenging technology required for ion trap experiments, stable interaction times being only in the millisecond range [11] and a lack of field-deployable sensors. In contrast, cantilever-based sensing is a well-established technique that allowed remarkable achievements such as the detection of single spins [13] and the reconstruction of the structure of a virus [14], and it is increasingly used in the emerging field of biosensing [15]. A particularly promising approach is to parametrically couple a nanomechanical oscillator to a microwave [9,16] or optical [17] microcavity, thus enhancing the displacement sensitivity and allowing to efficiently resolve the motion of cantilevers with dimensions below the diffraction limit. Previous real...

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“…21 However, due to the ultrahigh Q of the CaF 2 WGM microcavity, these thermal effects become apparent even when the temperature change is small. When the resonance wavelength of the cold microcavity is λ 0 , the resonant 2016) wavelength λ r (t) of the microcavity system is given as [8][9][10][11][12][13] λ r (t) = λ 0…”

Section: A Master Rate Equationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect is called thermo-opto-mechanical (TOM) oscillation. [8][9][10][11][12][13] In this paper, we first describe the fabrication of a CaF 2 WGM microcavity with computer controlled ultra-precision cutting. This process enables us to control the diameter and study the size dependence of WGM microcavities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Next, we report a numerical study, where TO and TE effects are taken into account for cavities with different diameters. [8][9][10][11][12][13] Finally, we propose a structure with a better thermal property achieved by inserting a silicon rod in the center of the CaF 2 microcavity, which can be fabricated by employing an ultra-precision cutting process. We show that this structure can eliminate the TOM oscillation even when the cavity diameter is small.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bi-material crystalline whispering gallery mode microcavity structure for thermo-opto-mechanical stabilization

et al. 2016

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We fabricated a calcium fluoride (CaF2) whispering gallery mode (WGM) microcavity with a computer controlled ultra-precision cutting process. We observed a thermo-opto-mechanical (TOM) oscillation in the CaF2 WGM microcavity, which may influence the stability of the optical output when the cavity is employed for Kerr comb generation. We studied experimentally and numerically the mechanism of the TOM oscillation and showed that it is strongly dependent on cavity diameter. In addition, our numerical study suggests that a microcavity structure fabricated with a hybrid material (i.e. CaF2 and silicon), which is compatible with an ultra-high Q and high thermal conductivity, will allow us to reduce the TOM oscillation and stabilize the optical output.

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Self-induced optical modulation of the transmission through a high-Q silicon microdisk resonator

Cited by 222 publications

References 34 publications

MHz-level self-sustained pulsation in polymer microspheres on a chip

MHz-level self-sustained pulsation in polymer microspheres on a chip

A hybrid on-chip optomechanical transducer for ultrasensitive force measurements

Bi-material crystalline whispering gallery mode microcavity structure for thermo-opto-mechanical stabilization

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