Self-improvement in a complex cybernetic system and its implications for biology

Abstract

It is commonly accepted by those who consider macroevolution as a process decoupled from microevolution that its apparent jerkiness (and, hence, incompatibility with principles of population genetics) results from the structural complexity of epigenetic systems, since all complex cybernetic systems are expected to behave discontinuously. To analyse the validity of this assumption, the process of self-improvement has been analysed in a complex cybernetic system by means of computer simulations. It turns out that the investigated system tends to develop by accumulation of as small structural changes as possible, while larger changes are likely to result in the collapse of the system rather than in its persistence or improvement. This implies that cybernetic considerations alone cannot justify the claim that the very nature of epigenetic systems induces evolution by discrete steps rather than by gradual accumulation of small changes.

Emergence of Matured Chaos During Network Growth, Place for Adaptive Evolution and More of Equally Probable Signal Variants as an Alternative to Bias p

“…However, it is easier to discuss it on a single, averaged node. Therefore I have started my approach using aggregate of automata (Gecow, 1975;Gecow & Hoffman, 1983;Gecow et al, 2005)…”

“…In such a case the function's argument and value are a K-and kdimensional vectors ( fig.2.2). Due to function uniformity it is useful to fix K = k. I have introduced such a network in (Gecow, 1975;Gecow & Hoffman, 1983;Gecow et al, 2005) where I have named it 'aggregate of automata' (aa). For this network if K = 2 then d 2 = d 1 * w − d 2 1 * (s − 1) 2 /(s + 1)/s which is obtained similarly as above.…”

Software Self-Adaptability by Means of Artificial Evolution

“…In this work we use a theory of evolvable ensembles. Some of these ideas have been developed over the last three decades [6,4,3] with the roots of the proposed model can be traced back to the work of John von Neumann [7,8]. Von Neumann submitted that a precise mathematical definition must be given to a basic biological theories.…”

“…Some of the automata added as terminals reproduce the important changed signal from the environment and thus maintain the aptness of the aggregate. This is a very strong tendency which we call covering tendency [4,3].…”

“…In this work we will use a formal deductive model of process of life described in details in [3,4]. Due to limited scope of this article we will only briefly highlight the main aspects of the theory.…”