Self-images in the video monitor coded by monkey intraparietal neurons

Iriki, Atsushi; Tanaka, Michio; Obayashi, Shigeru; Iwamura, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1016/s0168-0102(01)00225-5

Cited by 207 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…For example, previous neurophysiological studies on monkeys proposed that the intraparietal cortex was a neural substrate in which the representation of the body schema is extended by tool handling (Iriki et al, 1996(Iriki et al, , 2001. In fMRI studies on humans, the neural correlates for the perception of body-object interactions were observed in the posterior parietal regions (Naito and Ehrsson, 2006;Naito et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Cutaneous Rabbit” Hopping out of the Body

Miyazaki¹,

Hirashima²,

Nozaki³

2010

J. Neurosci.

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Rapid sequential taps delivered first to one location and then to another on the skin create the somatosensory illusion that the tapping is occurring at intermediate locations between the actual stimulus sites, as if a small rabbit were hopping along the skin from the first site to the second (called the "cutaneous rabbit"). Previous behavioral studies have attributed this illusion to the early unimodal somatosensory body map. A functional magnetic resonance imaging study recently confirmed the association of the illusion with somatotopic activity in the primary somatosensory cortex. Thus, the cutaneous rabbit illusion has been confined to one's own body. In the present paper, however, we show that the cutaneous rabbit can "hop out of the body" onto an external object held by the subject. We delivered rapid sequential taps to the left and right index fingers. When the subjects held a stick such that it was laid across the tips of their index fingers and received the taps via the stick, they reported sensing the illusory taps in the space between the actual stimulus locations (i.e., along the stick). This suggests that the cutaneous rabbit effect involves not only the intrinsic somatotopic representation but also the representation of the extended body schema that results from body-object interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Cutaneous Rabbit” Hopping out of the Body

Miyazaki¹,

Hirashima²,

Nozaki³

2010

J. Neurosci.

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“…One could argue that manipulation of the camera rake could be achieved simply by remapping sensorimotor coordination-much as one adjusts to wearing deviating prism glasses and quickly resumes using correct reaching angles, as the monkeys were already probed to be capable of remapping their body parts (hand) and the target object (food) on the artiWcial device (monitor) (Iriki et al 2001). In fact, the time courses of the number of pulling-back the camera rake (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acquisition of an externalized eye by Japanese monkeys

2009

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Many animals use tools to augment motor function ("motor tools", like rake), while the use of tools to acquire sensory information or to augment sensory function ("sensory tools", like endoscope) has been reported only in humans. In the present study, we trained Japanese monkeys to acquire the sensory tool use to re-construct a possible developmental course of the human-speciWc tool use via motor tool use training. After they mastered the rake use, we systematically introduced a series of external mirror and video arrangements, so as to separate visual cues from their actual origins in visuomotor space. Finally, the monkeys could acquire the use of sensory tool-a sort of endoscope attached to a rake-to explore the experimental space to Wnd and retrieve the food. The results indicated a critical role of environmental control to develop even higher order behavioral sequences like human-speciWc sensory tool use in nonhuman primates.

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“…Chronic recordings of single neuron activities were made from the hand-arm region of the anterior bank of the intraparietal sulcus (a posterior extension of the first somatosensory cortex, SI) in twelve hemispheres, using a microelectrode technique described previously (Iwamura et al, 1993). These monkeys were the same animals we had used for our previous reports (Iriki et al, 1996b;Iriki et al, 2001;Obayashi et al, 2000). Thus they were trained to use rake-shaped tools (n=8) and also a video monitor (n=5) to retrieve food.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, in human patients, lesions in this brain area are known to cause impairment of the body schema (Head & Holmes, 1911), which makes it difficult for the patient to achieve purposeful hand movements in the dark or without seeing, i.e., without visual guidance. A growing number of monkey experiments have reported the existence of "bimodal neurons" that respond to both somatosensory and visual stimuli in the peri-intraparietal cortices including the ventral intraparietal (VIP) area Colby, Duhamel, & Goldberg, 1993;Duhamel, Colby, & Goldberg, 1991, 1998, the medial intraparietal (MIP) area Graziano & Gross, 1998;Rizzolatti, Fogassi, & Gallese, 1997), and the anterior bank of the lateral intraparietal sulcus (Iriki, Tanaka, & Iwamura, 1996b;Iriki, Tanaka, Obayashi, & Iwamura, 2001;Obayashi, Tanaka, & Iriki, 2000). These studies have indicated that the intraparietal areas are the sites of visuosomatosensory integration.…”

Section: Yoshiaki Iwamuramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their visual receptive fields extended to the end of the currently using tool in the hand (Iriki et al, 1996b) as if the tool were incorporated into the image of the hand, or visual RFs were formed around the image of a hand on a video monitor (Iriki et al, 2001) as if the self-image were projected onto the monitor, or they were formed over an opaque plate above a hidden invisible hand (Obayashi et al, 2000) as if the monkey had created in its mind an image of the invisible hand. Therefore, if these mental modifications also apply to images of hand movements in space, the bimodal properties of joint neurones should not be just automatically translating motions represented between intrinsic and extrinsic coordinate frames.…”

Section: Yoshiaki Iwamuramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intraparietal Bimodal Neurones Delineating Extrinsic Space Through Intrinsic Actions

Tanaka

Obayashi

Yokochi

et al. 2004

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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We can mentally calibrate the directions of our bodily movements into visual coordinate systems to achieve purposeful actions in space. Alternatively, we can apprehend characteristics of the peri-personal space through actions performed by our own body parts. Such interactions between representations of our body motions and extrinsic space should occur in the intraparietal cortices, where the hierarchically processed somatosensory information adjoins the information on spatial vision processed along the dorsal stream. In this brain area of monkeys, we analyzed the response properties of "bimodal joint neurones", which responded simultaneously to forearm joint displacements and visual stimuli moving in one direction in space. For the majority of these neurones, the directions of hand movements in space as a result of adequate joint displacements were congruent with the preferred directions of the moving visual stimuli. When the arm position was rotated, the preferred direction of the joint displacement became inverted so as to match the induced hand movement in space with the preferred visual stimulus direction. On the other hand, in some neurones the visual preferred direction became inverted when the joint was rotated, becoming to match the preferred direction of joint displacement. Hence, intraparietal neurones appear not only to represent mental recalibration of intrinsic movements into extrinsic coordinates, but also render delineation of extrinsic space through intrinsic actions.

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Self-images in the video monitor coded by monkey intraparietal neurons

Cited by 207 publications

References 37 publications

The “Cutaneous Rabbit” Hopping out of the Body

The “Cutaneous Rabbit” Hopping out of the Body

Acquisition of an externalized eye by Japanese monkeys

Intraparietal Bimodal Neurones Delineating Extrinsic Space Through Intrinsic Actions

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