Self-heating hotspots in superconducting nanowires cooled by phonon black-body radiation

Dane, Andrew E.; Allmaras, Jason P.; Zhu, Dongmei; Onen, Murat; Colangelo, Marco; Bahgdadi, Reza; Tambasco, Jean-Luc; Morimoto, Yukimi; Forno, Ignacio Estay; Charaev, Ilya; Zhao, Qing-Yuan; Skvortsov, M. A.; Kozorezov, A. G.; Berggren, Karl K.

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32719-w

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…When the temperature is gradually increased toward T c , the Joule heat required to maintain the microstrip in a self-heating equilibrium state decrease, resulting in a decrease in I r . The relationship between I r and T is given by: where α is the thermal conductivity of the interface between the microstrip and substrate, d is the thickness of the conducting layer of the LAO/KTO interface, and ρ 0 is the resistivity of the sample [32][33][34]. The fitting result shows that T c of the sample is approximately 0.7 K, which is consistent with the experimental results.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

An energy-sensitive interfacial-superconductor photodetector

Wang,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

2D Mater.

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The investigation of photon response in the superconducting state of interfacial superconductors holds both fundamental and practical significance, yet it remains largely unexplored. Here, we report an energy-sensitive photodetector utilizing a microstrip patterned on an interfacial superconductor (LaAlO3/KTaO3), achieving photon response spanning from visible to near-infrared wavelengths. Remarkably, the photon response pulse amplitude at the same wavelength is linearly related to the incident light power, showing a unique detection capability that is different from the conventional superconducting single-photon detectors. Our results suggest that the energy-sensitive characteristic arises from the Kondo effect observed in the two-dimensional electron gases of the interfacial superconductor, wherein incident photons alter the normal resistance. This study broadens the potential applications of interface superconductors and presents a versatile approach for the advancement of energy-sensitive photodetection technologies.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

An energy-sensitive interfacial-superconductor photodetector

Wang,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

2D Mater.

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“…We have plotted T 4 e − T 4 as a function of P G in the modified figure 4(b) and have observed a linear dependence for various bath temperatures. The linear approximation exhibits good agreement with the experimental data when using a k value of 66.5 Wm −2 K −4 , which is of the same order as in previous studies in Cu, graphene and NbN films [51][52][53]. Hence, we propose that the origin of the observed critical current suppression could presumably be attributed to the leakage current-induced gate power (P G ) relaxation in the bottom Nb microbridges by the electronphonon interaction [50,51], as depicted in supplementary materials figure S4.…”

Section: Sample Fabrication and Measurement Techniquessupporting

confidence: 85%

High-energy electron local injection in top-gated metallic superconductor switch

Wei

et al. 2023

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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The gate-tunable superconductivity in metallic superconductors has recently attracted significant attention due to its rich physics and potential applications in next-generation superconducting electronics. Although the operating principles of these devices have been attributed to the small leakage currents of high-energy electrons in recent experiments, the generated phonons can spread over considerable distances in the substrate, which may limit their further applications. Here, we utilize a top gate structure with monocrystalline h-BN as a gate dielectric and demonstrate the gate-adjustable supercurrent in a metallic Nb microbridge. The gate current of the devices perfectly follows the Fowler-Nordheim law of field emission, indicating that the injection of high-energy electrons presumably causes the suppression of the supercurrent. Our devices reduce the distance between the gate and the microbridge to a few nanometers or less, significantly minimizing the generated phonons’ spreading distance and power dissipation in the substrate or surrounding environment. These observations demonstrate that top-gated metallic superconducting switches with local electron injection can improve the device integration density, providing us with more versatile and practical opportunities to explore superconducting circuit architecture.

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“…2 of the Supplementary Material, more accurate results are obtained through a finite-element simulation of the electrothermal process 55 – 57 …”

Section: Appendix: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 10 photon-number resolution

Kong,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Adv. Photon.

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.Efficient and precise photon-number-resolving detectors are essential for optical quantum information science. Despite this, very few detectors have been able to distinguish photon numbers with both high fidelity and a large dynamic range, all while maintaining high speed and high timing precision. Superconducting nanostrip-based detectors excel at counting single photons efficiently and rapidly, but face challenges in balancing dynamic range and fidelity. Here, we have pioneered the demonstration of 10 true photon-number resolution using a superconducting microstrip detector, with readout fidelity reaching an impressive 98% and 90% for 4-photon and 6-photon events, respectively. Furthermore, our proposed dual-channel timing setup drastically reduces the amount of data acquisition by 3 orders of magnitude, allowing for real-time photon-number readout. We then demonstrate the utility of our scheme by implementing a quantum random-number generator based on sampling the parity of a coherent state, which guarantees inherent unbiasedness, robustness against experimental imperfections and environmental noise, as well as invulnerability to eavesdropping. Our solution boasts high fidelity, a large dynamic range, and real-time characterization for photon-number resolution and simplicity with respect to device structure, fabrication, and readout, which may provide a promising avenue towards optical quantum information science.

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Self-heating hotspots in superconducting nanowires cooled by phonon black-body radiation

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

An energy-sensitive interfacial-superconductor photodetector

An energy-sensitive interfacial-superconductor photodetector

High-energy electron local injection in top-gated metallic superconductor switch

Large-inductance superconducting microstrip photon detector enabling 10 photon-number resolution

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