Self‐Healing Polymer Coatings

Cho, Soo Hyoun; White, Scott R.; Braun, Paul V.

doi:10.1002/adma.200802008

Cited by 678 publications

(423 citation statements)

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“…4,5 In fact, selfhealing is currently one of the most active topics in materials science. [6][7][8] For polymers [9][10][11] and polymer coatings [12][13][14][15] several approaches have been reported to restore the integrity of the material, either by refilling the damaged areas, e.g., a) Electronic addresses: a.c.c.esteves@tue.nl and g.dewith@tue.nl via encapsulated reactive components (autonomous healing) or by reestablishing chemical bonds through reversible reactions triggered by external stimuli such as temperature, light or a pH switch (triggered healing). These approaches can use intrinsic healing concepts, [16][17][18][19] in which the healing agent is inherent to the material (i.e., is a part of the network or formulation) or extrinsic healing, where external components are added, such as filled capsules [20][21][22][23] or microvascular networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Esteves

Lyakhova

Riel

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Document VersionPublisher's PDF, also known as Version of Record (includes final page, issue and volume numbers) Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the author's version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Esteves, A. C. C., Lyakhova, K., Riel, van, J. M., Ven, van der, L. G. J., Benthem, van, R. A. T. M., & With, de, G. (2014). Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach. Journal of Chemical Physics, 140, 1-9. [124902]. DOI: 10.1063/1.4868989 General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Nowadays, many self-healing strategies are available for recovering mechanical damage of bulk polymeric materials. The recovery of surface-dependent functionalities on polymer films is, however, equally important and has been less investigated. In this work we study the ability of low surface energy cross-linked poly(ester urethane) networks containing perfluorinated dangling chains to self-replenish their surface, after being submitted to repeated surface damage. For this purpose we used a combined experimental-simulation approach. Experimentally, the cross-linked films were intentionally damaged by cryo-microtoming to remove top layers and create new surfaces which were characterized by water Contact Angle measurements and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. The same systems were simultaneously represented by a Dissipative Particles Dynamics simulation method, where the damage was modeled by removing the top film layers in the simulation box and replacing it by new "air" beads. The influence of different experimental parameters, such as the concentration of the low surface energy component and the molecular m...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Esteves

Lyakhova

Riel

et al. 2014

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…So far, self-healing has been demonstrated in linear polymers (7), supramolecular networks (8,9), dendrimer-clay systems (10), metal ion-polymer systems (11,12), and multicomponent systems (13)(14)(15)(16)(17). Whereas multicomponent thermosetting systems harness the ability of embedded chemical agents to repair cracks, supramolecular networks and noncovalent hydrogels employ secondary interactions such as hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, and hydrophobic association for healing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid self-healing hydrogels

Phadke

Zhang

Arman³

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

637

483

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Synthetic materials that are capable of autonomous healing upon damage are being developed at a rapid pace because of their many potential applications. Despite these advancements, achieving selfhealing in permanently cross-linked hydrogels has remained elusive because of the presence of water and irreversible cross-links. Here, we demonstrate that permanently cross-linked hydrogels can be engineered to exhibit self-healing in an aqueous environment. We achieve this feature by arming the hydrogel network with flexible-pendant side chains carrying an optimal balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties that allows the side chains to mediate hydrogen bonds across the hydrogel interfaces with minimal steric hindrance and hydrophobic collapse. The self-healing reported here is rapid, occurring within seconds of the insertion of a crack into the hydrogel or juxtaposition of two separate hydrogel pieces. The healing is reversible and can be switched on and off via changes in pH, allowing external control over the healing process. Moreover, the hydrogels can sustain multiple cycles of healing and separation without compromising their mechanical properties and healing kinetics. Beyond revealing how secondary interactions could be harnessed to introduce new functions to chemically crosslinked polymeric systems, we also demonstrate various potential applications of such easy-to-synthesize, smart, self-healing hydrogels.biomimetic materials | hydrophobicity | smart materials | molecular dynamics | adhesives R ecent years have witnessed an increasing interest in the development of "smart" materials that can sense changes in their environment and can accordingly adapt their properties and function, similar to living systems. Over the last decade, we have discovered and demonstrated a class of smart hydrogels that exhibit unique biomimicking functions: thermoresponsive volume phase transitions similar to sea cucumbers (1), self-organization into core-shell hollow structures similar to coconuts (2), shape memory as exhibited by living organisms (2), and metal ion-mediated cementing similar to marine mussels (3). A common thread connecting these smart hydrogels is their possession of a unique balance of hydrophilic and hydrophobic interactions that endows the hydrogels with the biomimicking properties described above. In this study, we demonstrate how this concept of balancing hydrophilic and hydrophobic forces could be exploited to design chemically cross-linked hydrogels with self-healing abilities.Indeed, materials capable of autonomous healing upon damage have numerous potential applications (4-6). So far, self-healing has been demonstrated in linear polymers (7), supramolecular networks (8, 9), dendrimer-clay systems (10), metal ion-polymer systems (11,12), and multicomponent systems (13-17). Whereas multicomponent thermosetting systems harness the ability of embedded chemical agents to repair cracks, supramolecular networks and noncovalent hydrogels employ secondary interactions such as hydrogen bonding, ionic interact...

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“…The healing polymerisation process takes energy from ultra-violet light and re-creates an even surface. By treating micro-cracks in their early phases, bigger cracks are prevented from spreading [119,120]. It remains, however, unsolved at present if largerscale damage caused by mechanical influence can be healed as well.…”

Section: Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjustments and additions will certainly be necessary at a later stage. For now, the example of capsule-based self-healing materials [3,119,120], discussed in Section 5, serves as an illustration: -Failure causes: mechanic, thermic -Failure types: accidental damage, corrosion, fatigue -Failure characteristics: permanent -Damage: mechanical -Solution characteristics: one-off, extrinsic, autonomic, without external power, without intelligence -Solution mechanisms: material self-healing, intrinsic -Outcome: within a few seconds to minutes, permanent, consuming the self-healing capability, restoring full functionality…”

Section: Application Of the Taxonomy To An Examplementioning

confidence: 99%

Self-healing and self-repairing technologies

Frei

McWilliam

Derrick

et al. 2013

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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This article reviews the existing work in selfhealing and self-repairing technologies, including work in software engineering, materials, mechanics, electronics, MEMS, self-reconfigurable robotics, and others. It suggests a terminology and taxonomy for self-healing and selfrepair, and discusses the various related types of other self-* properties. The mechanisms and methods leading to selfhealing are reviewed, and common elements across disciplines are identified.

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Self‐Healing Polymer Coatings

Cited by 678 publications

References 28 publications

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Self-replenishing ability of cross-linked low surface energy polymer films investigated by a complementary experimental-simulation approach

Rapid self-healing hydrogels

Self-healing and self-repairing technologies

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