Self‐Healing Materials

Abstract

Self-healing materials are able to partially or completely heal damage inflicted on them, e.g., crack formation; it is anticipated that the original functionality can be restored. This article covers the design and generic principles of self-healing materials through a wide range of different material classes including metals, ceramics, concrete, and polymers. Recent key developments and future challenges in the field of self-healing materials are summarised, and generic, fundamental material-independent principles and mechanism are discussed and evaluated.

Precursor derived SiOC/MoSi₂-composites for diesel glow plugs: preparation and high temperature properties

“…The dispersions seem to be in the vicinity of surface near MoSi 2 -particles, which explains the different surface of the composites. Hager et al 33) report the positive effect of MoSi 2 as a filler in a SiOC-matrix. They conclude that at high temperatures the oxidation leads to self-healing of cracks within the SiOC/MoSi 2 composite.…”

Self-healing and self-repairing technologies

“…The healing polymerisation process takes energy from ultra-violet light and re-creates an even surface. By treating micro-cracks in their early phases, bigger cracks are prevented from spreading [119,120]. It remains, however, unsolved at present if largerscale damage caused by mechanical influence can be healed as well.…”

“…Adjustments and additions will certainly be necessary at a later stage. For now, the example of capsule-based self-healing materials [3,119,120], discussed in Section 5, serves as an illustration: -Failure causes: mechanic, thermic -Failure types: accidental damage, corrosion, fatigue -Failure characteristics: permanent -Damage: mechanical -Solution characteristics: one-off, extrinsic, autonomic, without external power, without intelligence -Solution mechanisms: material self-healing, intrinsic -Outcome: within a few seconds to minutes, permanent, consuming the self-healing capability, restoring full functionality…”

Supramolecular Nested Microbeads as Building Blocks for Macroscopic Self‐Healing Scaffolds

“…The construction of self‐healing materials has been driven by developments in materials science and biotechnology with a view to environmental sustainability 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. To develop maintenance‐free self‐healing structures, the ideal materials should be liquid‐like before processing and then be converted into a free‐standing solid‐like network 12, 13, 14, 15.…”